Gettysburg is the county and county district of Adams County in the US state of Pennsylvania. Battle of Gettysburg (1863) and Gettysburg Address President Abraham Lincoln is named for this city. The city hosts the Gettysburg National Battlefield visitors in Gettysburg National Military Park. At the 2010 census, the borough had a population of 7,620.
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Histori
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1761: Samuel Gettys, the ancestor of the Getty family, settled at the Shippensburg-Baltimore and Philadelphia-Pittsburgh intersections with a tavern where soldiers and merchants came to rest.
1786: The borough is established, with the Dobbin House (est.1776) sitting in the southwest.
1790: A city location of "Strabane" between "Hunter's and Getty's town" is planned to become the county seat of Adams. One year later, "Revd Alexander Dobbin and David Moore Sr. were appointed as guardians for the Adams County to erect public buildings in... Gettysburg."
1858: Gettysburg Railroad completed the construction of a railroad line from Gettysburg to Hanover and Gettysburg Railroad Station opened a year later. The passenger train service to the city ended in 1942. The station was restored in 2006. In 2011, Senator Robert Casey introduced S. 1897, which will include a train station within the Gettysburg National Military Park limit.
1860: Nearly a hundred years after its original founder settled, the borough has grown in size to comprise "450 buildings that make the carriages, shoemakers, and leather tanners".
Civil War
Between 1 July and 3 1863, the Battle of Gettysburg, one of the greatest battles during the American Civil War, took place in fields and altitudes around the city.
North Virginia Confederate Army, under command of Robert E. Lee, had success in the early stages of the battle but was eventually defeated by the Potomac Army, ordered by George G. Meade. Lee made regular withdrawals and managed to escape through the Potomac River without being pulled into another battle. Meade was strongly criticized by President Abraham Lincoln for his pursuit and failure to destroy Lee's retreat.
High casualties with total losses on both sides of more than 27,000 Confederates and 23,000 Union. Gettysburg residents were left to care for the wounded and bury the dead following the Confederate retreat. About 8,000 men and 3,000 horses lie in the hot summer sun. The bodies of the soldiers were gradually reinterpreted in what is now known as the Gettysburg National Cemetery, where, on November 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln attended the ceremony to officially sanctify the yard and pass on his Gettysburg Address.
A 20-year-old woman, Jennie Wade, was the only civilian killed during the battle. He was hit by a stray bullet that passed through his kitchen door when he made bread on July 3.
Physical damage can still be seen in several homes throughout the city, especially the Schmucker House located at Seminary Ridge.
Furniture
The furniture manufacturing industry managed to occupy the people in Gettysburg for the first half of the 1900s. The "Gettysburg Manufacturing Company", formed in 1902, was the first company established in the region for the purpose of manufacturing residential furniture. Other companies soon followed. The borough industry reached the peak of production and was successful around the 1920s. However, important industries declined from 1951, when three major companies moved, closed or sold. The Gettysburg Furniture Company factory closed in 1960, becoming a warehouse and distribution point for other furniture manufacturers outside Pennsylvania.
Tourism
Gettysburg's tourism-related manufacturing includes late 19th-century foundries that created guns, bridgeworks and cannons for Gettysburg Battlefield, as well as the construction industry for hotels, stables, and other buildings for tourist services. Early tourist attractions in the area include museums (such as the 1881 Danner Museum), souvenir shops, electric trolley buildings (preceded by horse trolley from Gettysburg Railway Station to Hotel Springs), and stand for hackers who take visitors to jitneys (group taxis horse-drawn) on tour. Modern tourist services in the region include ghost tours, bed and breakfast inns, and historical interpretations (reenactors, etc.).
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Geography
Gettysburg is located on Route 30 US about 25 miles (40 km) west of York, Pennsylvania. Rock Creek, the tributary of the Monocacy River and part of the Potomac River basin, flows along its eastern edge. According to the US Census Bureau, the area has a total area of ​​1.7 square miles (4.3 km 2 ), all land.
Climate
Gettysburg is located in a transition zone between the humid continental climate of northern and central Pennsylvania to the north and humid subtropical climate of central Maryland to the south, with hot and humid summers and cool winters. On average, January is the coldest month, with an average temperature of 30 Â ° F (-1 Â ° C). Winter ranges from cold to moderate, with relatively frequent snowfall. July is the warmest month, with an average temperature of 74.5 Â ° F (23.6 Â ° C), and June is the wettest month. The hottest temperatures recorded in Gettysburg were 104Ã, Â ° F (40Ã, Â ° C) in 1988; the coldest temperature was recorded -25 Â ° F (-32 Â ° C) in 1994.
Demographics
In the 2010 census, Gettysburg had a population of 7.620, and 79.6% were non-Hispanic whites, 10.9% Hispanic or Latino, 5.4% African American, 1.9% Asian, 2.2% others.
At the 2000 census, the Gettysburg Urban Cluster population was 15,532. At the 2010 census, Gettysburg belongs to the Hanover Urban Area, which has a population of 66,301. Gettysburg is the main city of Gettysburg, PA Micropolitan Statistics Area.
In the 2000 census, there were 7,490 people, 2,541 households and 1,229 families living in the area. Racial makeup of the boroughs is 85.46% White, 5.79% Black or African American, 0.37% Native Americans, 1.28% Asia, 0.04% Pacific Islands, 4.67% of other races, and 2.38% of two or more races. 8.02% of the population are Hispanic or Latino from any race.
There are 2,541 households where 22.5% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 32.6% are married couples living together, 12.6% have female husbandless households, and 51.6% are not family. 42.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 16.7% had someone living alone 65 or older. The average household size was 2.17 and the average family size was 2.94.
16.2% of the population was under 18, 36.2% from 18 to 24, 19.1% from 25 to 44, 15.9% from 45 to 64, and 12.5% ​​at 65 years of age or older. The median age is 23 years. For every 100 women, there are 88.1 men. For every 100 women age 18 and over, there are 85.1 men.
The average household income is $ 29,840 and the average family income is $ 40,489. Men have an average income of $ 30,341 compared to $ 21,111 for women. The per capita income for the borough is $ 14,157. Approximately 13.2% of families and 19.4% of the population are below the poverty line, including 24.0% of those under the age of 17 and 5.2% of those aged 77 and older.
Local government
The Gettysburg Borough is governed by seven elected local council members. Borough is divided into three election wards. Three members of the Council are elected from each Ward. The Board of Borough has several committees including: College/Community, Ordinance, Public Safety, Public Works, Legislative, Human Resources, and Finance. Three board members serve on each committee, but the strong seats are only owned by five members with some board members leading more than one committee. There is a mayor and an elected tax collector. Borough operates a police department.
- Provincial level
Three, elected widely, Commissioner of Adams County. In 2014, they are: Randy Phiel, Chairman; Jim Martin, Vice Chairman; and Marty Karsteter Qually.
- State level
- Dan Moul - Country Representative, Pennsylvania Representative Council, District 91
- Richard Alloway - State Senator, Pennsylvania Senate, District 33
- Federal Rate
- Scott Perry, Republic, 4th congress district in Pennsylvania in 2013 after redistricting.
- Pat Toomey, US Senator
- Bob Casey, Jr., US Senator
Industry
The main industry of the borough is tourism related to historic sites such as Gettysburg National Military Park (including the National Cemetery of Gettysburg) and the Eisenhower National Historic Site. Gettysburg has many activities and tours to offer to tourists and tourists interested in the Gettysburg area and community history and battles. Tourists for the Annual Battle anniversary of Gettysburg use the borough facility, which includes the Dobbin House Tavern and the Gettysburg Hotel.
Tourism
Every year from July 1-3 volunteers revive the Battle of Gettysburg. Each day re-enactors display different parts of the battle as well as comments about the difficulty of battle. This battle is narrated by battlefield guides from Gettysburg National Military Park.
Transportation
Many roads radiate from Gettysburg, providing access like hubs to Washington, DC 75 miles (121 km), Baltimore 55 miles (89 km), Harrisburg 37 miles (60 km), Carlisle 27 miles (43 km), Frederick and Hagerstown, Maryland 32 miles (51 km) and Hanover, Pennsylvania 14 miles (23 km). York is 30 miles (48 km) east of the Lincoln Highway (Route 30 US), the first US transcontinental highway, and Chambersburg is 25 miles (40 km) west of it. Today, the borough is 2 1 / 2 clock from Philadelphia and 3 / 2 travel hours from Pittsburgh via Pennsylvania Turnpike and US Route 15. Gettysburg Regional Airport, a small public airport airport, located 2 miles (3, 2 km) west of Gettysburg.
The main east-west road through downtown Gettysburg is Route 30 US, known as York Street east of Lincoln Square and Chambersburg Street in West Lincoln Square.
York Adams Transportation Authority (YATA) operates public transport in Adams County. Freedom Transit, implemented in 2009, the Hub of the bus system, the new Gettysburg Transit Center, is being built on Carlisle Street. Beginning in 2011, the commuter Transit Rabbit bus to Harrisburg operates four times each working day in each direction.
Media
- The Gettysburg Times , the daily newspaper
- Raices De Todos , a bilingual monthly cultural magazine, serving a growing Latin/Hispanic population in this city
- The Evening Sun, daily newspaper
- Celebrate Gettysburg , lifestyle magazine
- WGET-AM 1320 and WGTY-FM 107.7, owned by Times and News Publishing Company
- WZBT-FM 91.1, non-commercial nonformat format radio station owned by Gettysburg College
- BoroVENT.com is an independent forum dedicated to Borough related issues and the area around 17325
- The Adams County News is a newspaper located in Gettysburg, published in 1908-17. (Available in digital form online.)
Education
Gettysburg residents can attend a local public school operated by the Gettysburg Area School District that provides all-day kindergarten through the 12th grade. By 2013, the enrollment of the Gettysburg County School Area has dropped to 2,997 students in kindergarten through the 12th grade. by 2013, the Pittsburgh Business Times placed the Gettysburg Area School District 171 of 498 public schools for the academic achievement of its students. In 2012, the Gettysburg Area School District achieves Adequate Yearly Advancement (AYP), although Gettysburg Area High School is Making Progress: in the Second School Elevation of AYP Status, under the Federal No Child Left Behind, due to outstanding student achievement, especially in reading. Some of the district schools are located in Gettysburg. Gettysburg Area High School is located at 1130 Old Harrisburg Road. Gettysburg Area Middle School is located at 37 Lefever Street. Lincoln Elementary School is located at 98 Lefever Street. James Gettys Elementary School is located at 898 Biglerville Road.
High school age students can attend taxpayers funded by Adams County Tech Prep for training in building trading, culinary arts, Diesel Mechanics, combined healthcare including Emergency Medical Technician certification and other areas. The school is located on the Gettysburg Area High School campus at 1130 Old Harrisburg Road. Adams County Tech Prep is funded by a consortium of school districts, which includes: the Gettysburg Area School District, the Littlestown Area School District, the Fairfield Area School District, the Conewago Valley School District and the Bermudian Springs School District.
Gettysburg residents can also choose between two local and public charter schools: Vida Charter School and Gettysburg Montessori Charter School. In Pennsylvania, residents can attend public charter schools at no cost to parents. Tuition fees are paid by their public school system. By Commonwealth law, if a public school district provides transportation for its own students, the district should also provide transportation to any school located 10 miles from its border, and all schools within its borders.
Vida Charter School is a public school operating in the former Eisenhower Elementary School, 120 E. Broadway, Gettysburg. Vida Charter School offers kindergartens throughout the day to grade 6. In 2013, Vida Charter School achieved a score of 81.1 out of 100 for student achievement. According to the Pennsylvania Department of Education, 2,181 public schools (less than 73 percent of Pennsylvania's public schools), achieved an academic score of 70 or higher. In 2012, Vida Charter School achieves Adequate Annual Progress (AYP).
Children living in Gettysburg can also attend the Gettysburg Montessori Charter School which offers full-day kindergarten through grade 6. This public charter school operates on 120 E Broadway, Gettysburg. The Gettysburg Montessori Charter School earned AYP in 2011 and 2012. In 2013, Gettysburg Montessori Charter School achieved a score of 64 out of 100. This score reflects the class level: reading, science, writing and mathematical achievement.
Gettysburg school-age residents can also apply to attend one of 14 public schools at the Commonwealth (in 2013) at no additional cost to parents. Public resident school districts are required to pay charter schools and tuition internships for residents attending these public schools. Residents can also look for admission tickets for their school-aged children to other public school districts. When accepted for admission, the parents of students are responsible for paying the annual tuition set by the Pennsylvania Department of Education. In 2012, the school fees for Gettysburg Area School District are: Elementary School - $ 9,935.50, High School - $ 11,168.47.
Lincoln Intermediate Unit # 12 provides a range of services for children living in the region that includes Gettysburg Borough. Early screening, special education services, speech and listening therapies, Head Start preschool classes, and many other services such as driver education are available. Services for children during preschool are provided at no cost to their families when the child is determined to meet the eligibility requirements. IU12 has a satellite office on 57 North Fifth Street, Gettysburg that provides language services for migrant workers. In addition, the Adams County Literacy Council is located at 34 Foth Alley, Gettysburg.
Library Community members have access to the Adams County Public Library located at 140 Baltimore Street in Gettysburg; The Fairfield Area Library is located at 31 Worts Drive in Fairfield; The Adams County Historical Society Library located at 111 Seminary Ridge, in Gettysburg; The Adams County Law Library located at the Courthouse, 117 Baltimore Street, Room 305 in Gettysburg and to the state-funded Library Power Library which is an online library funded with tax money from the state education budget.
Colleges and universities
Gettysburg College, Harrisburg Area Community College, and United Lutheran Seminary, formerly the Lutheran Theological Seminary in Gettysburg, employ thousands of people in the region. At Gettysburg Community Colleges Campus Harrisburg Area, Gettysburg residents have access to college courses at discounted tuition fees for citizens. The Gettysburg Area School District is not a tax funding district of the College. Residents contribute to college through state taxation and funding.
Twin Cities
Gettysburg twin cities are:
- Gettysburg, South Dakota
- LeÃÆ'³n, Nicaragua, since 1987
- Sainte-MÃÆ'¨re-ÃÆ' â € ° glise, France, since 1993
- Morelia, MichoacÃÆ'¡n, Mexico, since 2004
- Sekigahara, Japan, since 2016
Famous people
- Steve Courson, a former NFL player, played soccer in and graduated from Gettysburg Area High School in 1973. His number is the only number to be retired by GAHS. Dwight D. Eisenhower, US President 34, and his wife, Mamie Eisenhower, retired to a farm near Gettysburg after leaving the White House in 1961. He stayed there until his death in 1969.
- Julia H. Johnston, Christian songwriter composing Greater Grace from All Our Sin
- Pastor Henry Eyster Jacobs (1844-1932), theologian and chairman of the Lutheran seminary.
- Julia Jacobs Harpster (1846-1935), an American Lutheran missionary in India, was born in Gettysburg.
- Eddie Plank, a member of the Baseball Hall of Fame, was born in Gettysburg in 1875 and played baseball at Gettysburg College.
- Rev. Samuel Simon Schmucker, founder of Gettysburg College, and Lutheran Theological Seminary in Gettysburg.
- John Studebaker, one of the founders of the Studebaker Corporation car company, was born in Gettysburg in 1833.
References
External links
- Borough Gettysburg's official website
- Gettysburg Convention & amp; Visitor Bureau
- Gettysburg National Military Park
- Ã, "Gettysburg". The CyclopÃÆ'Â|dia America . 1879.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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