The driver of lack of sleep (commonly known as tired of driving , drowsy driving , or tired driving ) is a motor vehicle operation at suffered from cognitive impairment due to lack of sleep. Lack of sleep is a major cause of motor vehicle accidents, and it can damage the human brain as much as possible. According to a 1998 survey, 23% of adults fall asleep while driving. According to the US Department of Transportation, male drivers claim to fall asleep when driving twice as much as female drivers.
In the United States, 250,000 drivers fall asleep on wheels every day, according to the Sleep Drug Division at Harvard Medical School and in a national poll by the National Sleep Foundation, 54% of adult drivers say they are driving while sleepy over the past year with 28% saying they are right to fall asleep while driving. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, drowsy driving is a factor in more than 100,000 accidents, resulting in 6550 deaths and 80,000 injured each year in the US.
When a person is not getting enough sleep, his ability to function is disrupted. As noted below, their coordination is disrupted, has longer reaction times, impair judgment, and memory is disrupted.
Video Sleep-deprived driving
Effects of sleep deprivation on driving performance
Lack of sleep has been shown to affect driving skills in four areas:
- This damages coordination.
- This causes a longer reaction time.
- That's spoiling the judgment.
- This corrupts the memory and the ability to store information.
Adequate sleep before driving improves memory. Researchers recorded activity in the hippocampus during the study, and recorded from the same location during sleep. The result is that patterns that occur during sleep are similar to those that occur during learning, unless they are faster during sleep. Also, the amount of hippocampal activity during sleep is closely related to subsequent performance improvements. A sign that tells the driver about the need to stop and rest
- Difficulty focusing, often flashing, or heavy eyelids
- Daydreaming; wandering/mind disconnected
- Difficulty remembering the last few miles driven or missing paths and road signs
- Yawning repeatedly/rubbing the eyes Difficulty keeping head
- Drifting from lane to lane, tailgating, or hitting shoulder or rumble strip
- Feeling uneasy and irritable
Maps Sleep-deprived driving
Effects of sleep deprivation compared to the effects of alcohol
Numerous studies have found that lack of sleep can affect driving as much (and sometimes more than) alcohol. British researchers have found that driving after 17 to 18 hours awake is just as dangerous as driving with a 0.05% blood alcohol level, a legal limit in many European countries. The TV show MythBusters presents a special episode of "Tipsy vs. Tired" to explore these findings and has ensured that lack of sleep can be more dangerous than driving under the influence of alcohol in small amounts.
Accident
It is estimated that about 20% of vehicle accidents suffer from lack of sleep as a cause. Between 1989 and 1993, it was estimated that an average of 1,544 people were killed annually in the US as a result of sleep-deprived driving. Accidents associated with lack of sleep are most likely to occur early in the afternoon, and in the morning. Sleep deprivation was blamed on the main cause of the Selby rail accident in which 10 people were killed and 82 others wounded.
The reason that most accidents are likely to occur early in the afternoon may be done with biological time clocks. Every body has its own body. Most people run on a daily rhythm for about 24 hours, but this can vary from person to person. The reason for driving at night is very risky is because sleep becomes an irresistible urge especially from around midnight to 6 am. The drowsy period is also "programmed" for the afternoon which makes it a risky time. The biological master clock in the hypothalamus is the suprachiasmatic nucleus or SCN. It provides the ultimate control of the circadian rhythms for sleep, body temperature and other functions.
Sleepers in commercial and military transport
Lack of sleep driving is a major problem in commercial and military transport. 20% of commercial pilots and 18% of rail operators have admitted to making serious mistakes due to fatigue. Commercial truck drivers are particularly vulnerable to drowsy driving. A recent study of 80 long-distance truckers in the United States and Canada found that drivers averaged less than 5 hours of sleep per day. The National Transportation Safety Council reports that drowsy driving seems to be the cause of more than half the accidents that caused the death of truck drivers. For each truck driver's death, three to four people are killed. In the fall of 2013 a new law passed in the United States requires the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration to propose guidelines relating to screening for sleep apnea among commercial drivers. The US military estimates that about 9% of accidents resulting in death or serious injury during Operation Desert Storm and Operation Desert Shield are caused by sleep-deprived driving.
Doctor reporting
Six US states require doctors to report patients who are driving during an interruption, including those who may be sleep deprived chronically. Twenty-five other US states allow doctors to violate doctors-patient confidentiality to report under-sleeping drivers or those who have sleep disorders are likely to interfere with driving, if they so choose. The American Medical Association approved a doctor's report in 1999, but was deferred to the state about whether the notice should be mandatory or permissive. Authority on professional secrecy, Jacob Appel of New York University, has written that the doctor's report is a double-edged sword, as it may prevent some patients from seeking treatment. According to Appel, "Reporting can remove some malicious drivers from the road, but if it does, it really creates other dangerous drivers, by frightening them from treatment, then the public has sacrificed the secrecy because there is no real result in saving lives."
Government response to underemployed driving
The government has been trying to reduce the sleep-deprived driving through educational messages and by implanting the road with a dent, known as a rumbling strip in the US, causing a fuss when drivers get off track. The Western Australian Government has recently introduced a "Driver Reviver" program where drivers can receive free coffee to help keep them awake.
Some roads also have a bed arrester so the vehicle can stop safely.
See also
- Detect sleepiness of the driver
- Highway hypnosis
- National Sleep Foundation
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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