Kingston is a city in eastern Ontario, Canada. It's on the eastern edge of Lake Ontario, at the start of St. Lawrence and at the mouth of the Cataraqui River (the southern end of the Rideau Canal). It is located between Toronto, Ontario and Montreal, Quebec. Thousand Islands tourism area is located on the east. Kingston is nicknamed "The City of Limestone" because of the many heritage buildings built using local limestone.
Growing European exploration in the 17th century and the desire for Europe to establish a close presence with local indigenous people to control the trade led to the establishment of the French trading post and military fort at a site known as "Cataraqui" (commonly pronounced) ROCK- way ") in 1673. This post, called Fort Cataraqui, and then Fort Frontenac, became the focus of the settlement.Cataraqui would be renamed Kingston after the British occupied the fort and the Loyalists settled in the area in the 1780s.
Kingston was named the first capital of the Canadian Provincial Province on February 10, 1841. While the time as a short capital (ending in 1844), society remained an important military installation. Kingston was the district center of Frontenac until 1998. Kingston is now a separate municipality from County Frontenac.
Video Kingston, Ontario
History
Historical and etymological naming
A number of origins of "Cataraqui", the original name of Kingston, have been postulated. One of them comes from the word Iroquois which means "the place where one is hiding". This name may also be a derivation of the original words meaning "impenetrable", "muddy river", "retreat", "clay bank rising out of the water", "where rivers and lakes meet", or " stone standing on the water ".
Cataraqui was called the "King City" or "King City" in 1787 to honor King George III. The name was shortened to "Kingston" in 1788. Cataraqui is currently referring to the area around the intersection of Princess Street and Sydenham Road, where a village that later took the name was located. Cataraqui is also the name of the municipal electoral district.
Initial aboriginal habitats
Archaeological evidence shows that people lived in the Kingston region as early as the Archaic Period (about 9,000-3,000 years ago). Final Evidence of the Late Woodland period (about 1000-500 AD) early Iroquois occupation also existed. The first permanent camp by Aboriginal people in the Kingston area began around 500 AD. The group that first occupied the area before the arrival of the French was probably the Wyandot (Hurons), who were later replaced by Iroquoian groups.
By the time the French arrived in the Kingston area, the Five Nations Iroquois (Haudenosaunee) had settled along the northern shores of Lake Ontario. Although the area around the southern end of the Cataraqui River is frequented by Iroquois and other groups, the Iroquois settlement at this location only began after France established their outpost. In the 1700s, the northern coast of Iroquois had moved south, and the area once occupied by Iroquois (which includes Kingston) became occupied by Mississaugas who had moved south from the areas of Lake Huron and Lake Simcoe.
French and Fort Frontenac settlements
European trade and commercial influences and military-centered trade developed and increased in North America in the 17th century. Tracers and feather traders spread from their operations center in New France. The French explorer Samuel de Champlain visited the Kingston area in 1615.
To establish a presence on Lake Ontario for the purpose of controlling fur trade with local indigenous people, Louis de Buade de Frontenac, the new French Governor founded Fort Cataraqui, later called Fort Frontenac, in a location known as Cataraqui in 1673. The fort served as trading posts and military bases, and gradually attracting native and European settlements. In 1674, Renà ©  © -Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle was appointed commander of the castle. From this base, de La Salle roamed west and south as far as the Gulf of Mexico. The fort was rebuilt several times and experienced a period of neglect. The Iroquois siege in 1688 caused many deaths, after which France destroyed the fortress, but it will rebuild it. Britain destroyed the castle during the Battle of Fort Frontenac (War of the Seven Years) in 1758 and its ruins remained abandoned until Britain took ownership and partly reconstructed in 1783. The fort was renamed TÃÆ'ªte-de-Pont Barracks in 1787. It was submitted to the Canadian military on 1870-71 and still used by the military. It was renamed Fort Frontenac in 1939. Parts that have been reconstructed partly from the original fortress can be seen today at the western end of La Salle Causeway.
Loyalty assignment
In 1783, Frederick Haldimand, the governor of the Province of Quebec directed Deputy Surveyor General John Collins to lay down settlements for displaced British colonists, or "Loyalists", who fled north due to the American Revolutionary War and "examined the situation thoroughly." and the Post site previously occupied by France, and adjacent land and country. "Haldimand initially considers the site a possible location to complete faithful Mohawks.The survey will also determine whether Cataraqui is suitable as a naval base since nearby Carleton Island where the base the British navy has been handed over to America after the war.The Holland report on the ancient French post mentions "every part goes beyond the lucrative idea I have formed from it", that it has a "favorable situation" and that "harbors in everything Good and most comfortable located to lead Lake Ontario. "Major John Ross, commanding officer of the Royal King's Regiment of New York in Oswego rebuilt Fort Frontenac in 1783. As commander, he played an important role in setting up the Cataraqui settlement.
To facilitate the settlement, the United Kingdom entered into an agreement with Mississaugas in October 1783 to purchase land east of Quinte Bay. Known as Crawford Purchase, this agreement allows the completion of many parts of the eastern shore north of Lake Ontario. With the completion of the Mississauga agreement, settlement can proceed, although the planning of the townsite layout does not await the completion of the negotiations. This area was surveyed, and the survey report stated that the area is considered to have productive land, abundant resources, good harbors and existing townsite. This requirement is considered ideal for solving the Loyalists.
Many Loyalist refugees initially settled on Carleton Island, and run businesses there. When the Island was delivered to the United States after the Revolutionary War, these Loyalists, along with their business, moved to Cataraqui.
Notable Loyalists residing in the Cataraqui area included Molly Brant (sister of the leader of the Six Nations Joseph Brant); businessman and political figure Richard Cartwright; John Stuart, a pastor, missionary, and educator who arrived in 1785; and the captain of the militia Johan Jost Herkimer. A group of Loyalists from New York State, led by Captain Michael Grass who arrived in 1784 after sailing from New York and boarding the St. Lawrence, set up a camp south of Fort Frontenac in Mississauga Point. The first name given to the settlement by the Loyalist is King's Town, which will eventually evolve into the current designation.
War of 1812 and development
During the War of 1812, Kingston (with a population of 2250) was the main military center. It is the base for Lake Ontario's division of the Great British Fleet fleet, which is engaged in a powerful arms race with the American fleet based in Sackets Harbor, New York to take control of Lake Ontario. The Provincial Marine quickly put the ship into service and troops were brought in. A Royal Navy detachment built a warship to control Lake Ontario. Fortresses and other defense structures are built. The first Fort Henry was built during this time to protect the shipyard at Navy Bay. The fort was replaced by a wider castle at Point Henry in 1813. This limestone fortress, built between 1832 and 1836, was intended to retain the newly completed Rideau Canal at the end of Lake Ontario as well as the naval port and shipyard. In 1843, a sophisticated battery facing the lake to the south was completed when the cremated shops and commissariat magazines were built. Fort Henry was headed by England until 1871. It was restored in 1936 and is a popular tourist attraction.
The Kingston location at the entrance of the Rideau Canal to Lake Ontario made it the main Canadian military and economic center of Upper Canada after construction of the canal completed in 1832. Founded as a city in 1838, Kingston's first mayor was Thomas Kirkpatrick. Kingston has the largest population of any center in Upper Canada through the 1840s. Kingston was founded as a city in 1846.
Kingston becomes an important port because businesses related to transshipment, or forwarding, are growing. Since Kingston is at the intersection of St. Lawrence and Lake Ontario, commodities shipped along lakes from the west such as wheat, flour, meat, and potassium are dismantled and stored in Kingston to await a transfer to a ship that can navigate St. Lawrence. With the completion of the Rideau Canal, cargo can be transported in a safer way as the St.Lawrence River route is passable. Channels are a popular route for transporting wood.
Regiopolis College (for training priests) was founded in March 1837 and in 1866 the College was given full title power, although it was rarely used and the college closed in 1869. The building became the Dieu Hospital Hotel in 1892. The college reopened on site another in 1896. Queen's University, originally Queen's College, one of the first liberal arts universities, was first class held in March 1842; founded by the Presbyterian Church, later became a national institution. Royal Military College of Canada (RMC) was founded in 1876.
The Kingston Correctional Institution, Canada's first major federal penitentiary, was established in 1835 and operates until 2013. Several more prisons will be established in the coming years in greater Kingston areas, including the Federal Women's Prison (closed in the 1990s) , Millhaven Prison, Collins Bay, Frontenac, and Joyceville Institutions.
During the Upper Canadian Uprising, 1837-1838, many of the local militia were in Kingston, under Lieutenant Colonel Sir Richard Henry Bonnycastle who completed the construction of the new Fort Henry. In 1838, Kingston was incorporated as a city with Thomas Kirkpatrick as his first mayor.
Governor-General Lord Sydenham chose Kingston as the first capital of the united Canadas and it served in that role from 1841 to 1844. The first encounter of the Canadian Provincial Parliament on 13 June 1841, was held in what is now Kingston General Hospital. The city is considered too small and lacking facilities, but its location near the border makes it vulnerable to American attacks. As a result, the capital was moved to Montreal in 1844, and alternated between Quebec City and Toronto from 1849 until Ottawa was chosen as the permanent capital by Queen Victoria. Furthermore, Kingston's growth slowed and its national interest declined.
In 1846, with a population of 6,123, Kingston was included as a city, with John Counter as the first mayor. At that time, there was already a stone building, both residential and commercial. Market house is very important as "the best and most important building in Canada" which contains many offices, government offices, space for church services, post office, Town Hall (completed in 1884) and more. Five weekly newspapers are being published. Fort Henry and the sea barracks take up a lot of space. The Kingston Correctional Institution has about 400 inmates. (The prisons had been opened in 1835, with structures intended to reform prisoners, not just to detain or punish them.) Industries include steam wheat plants, three foundries, two shipbuilders, ship repair and five wagon makers; traders of many types also work here. All the goods are shipped by boat or barge and ten steamers per day run to and from the city. Five schools for women and two for boys operate, and the city has four bank agent offices. There are ten churches or chapels and a recently opened Dieu Hotel hospital operated by sisters with Hospitallers Religious St. Joseph as a charity.
Both the Hotel Dieu and Kingston General Hospital (KGH) treated the victims of the typhoid epidemic in 1847. The KGH site stores the remains of 1,400 Irish immigrants who had died in Kingston in a seaside fever along the edge of the ocean, during the epidemic of typhoid in 1847, while fleeing the Great Famine. They are buried in a public grave. The remains were re-buried in St. Mary's Cemetery city in 1966. In 1995, KGH was designated a National Historic Site of Canada, as it was "the oldest public hospital in Canada that still operates with most of its buildings intact and thus effectively describes the evolution of health care in Canada in the 19th and 20th centuries ".
In 1848, Kingston Gas Light Company started operations. (The gas lamp will be used until 1947.) At that time, the city is connected to the outside world by telegraph cable.
In 1869, the population increased to 15,000 and there were four banks. The Grand Trunk Railway is accessible two miles from the community. There are two yards of ship building.
Kingston is the home of Canada's first Prime Minister, Sir John A. Macdonald. One of her residences in Kingston, Bellevue House, is now a Canadian National Historic Site open to the public and describes the house as it did in the 1840s when she lived there.
Big Fires of 1840
In the early hours of April 18, 1840, the fires dock, fanned by high winds, spread to a warehouse containing between 70 and 100 barrels of gunpowder. The resulting explosion spreads fire across the city's downtown, destroying a large number of buildings, including the old town hall. To prevent similar incidents from occurring in the future, the city began to build with limestone or brick. This redevelopment phase is called the "Limestone Revolution" and earned the nickname "The Limestone City".
Recent developments
The Canadian Locomotive Company at one time was the largest locomotive working in the United Kingdom and Davis Tannery was once the largest leather tannery in the United Kingdom. The tannery operated for a century and closed in 1973. Other manufacturing firms include the Sea Railway Company, which built the steamships; Victoria Iron Works, which produces iron in bars from pieces; some factories; a distillery; and two producers of soap and candles. (At the beginning of the 21st century, the heaviest industries of the city and their former locations will be gradually rehabilitated and rebuilt.)
The telephone system began operating in Kingston in 1881; at that time the population was 14,091. Electricity was not available in Kingston until 1888.
Kingston grew moderately through the 20th century through a series of adjacent land annexations in Kingston Township, including the 1952 annexation of some 5,500 acres (22 km 2 ) covering the western region to Little Cataraqui Creek (including Portsmouth village) , where a number of large housing subdivisions were built in the late 1950s and early 60s.
Kingston's economy gradually evolved from industry to institutional base after World War II. Queen's University grew from around 2,000 students in the 1940s to a present size of over 20,000 students, over 90 percent of whom come from outside the Kingston region. Kingston Campus Lawrence College was founded in 1967, and the college has more than 4,000 students. Kingston is a regional health care center, anchored by Kingston General Hospital and a medical school at Queen's. The city economy is also dominated by post-secondary education, military institutions, and prison installations.
The municipal government has been a topic of discussion since the mid-1970s due to financial imbalances between the city and surrounding cities, which now have large residential areas and populations approaching the city. On January 1, 1998, the City merged with Kingston Township and Pittsburgh Township to form the new City of Kingston. The city limits now include large rural areas north of Highway 401 and east of the Cataraqui River.
Maps Kingston, Ontario
Military history
Kingston, strategically located at St. Lawrence and at the mouth of the Cataraqui River near the border with the United States, has been an important military site since Fort Frontenac was built in 1673. France, and later, the British military garrison formed. The War of 1812 led to the strengthening of military forces, serving the ships, and building new forts to defend the city and the Naval Dockyard. The castle was built at Point Henry and at Point Frederick. A picket wall, or fortress, incorporates five greenhouses built in the west of the city, and batteries are built. In November 1812 the American naval forces attacked the Royal George British levers at the port of Kingston but the ship took shelter in the harbor and American troops retreated.
Several bastions were built in the late 1840s because of tension with the United States. These include Fort Henry, four Martello towers (Cathcart Tower, Shoal Tower, Murney Tower, and Fort Frederick), and Battery Market. Military ships were built at the Naval Dockyard at Point Frederick from 1788 to 1853. The peninsula near the entrance of the Royal Military College of Canada was the headquarters of the Royal Navy between 1813 and 1853. (Fort Frederick, built in 1812-1813, is also on this peninsula. )
After the British army resigned from most locations in Canada in 1870-71, two garrison artillery batteries were formed by the Dominion Government; Battery "A" is in Kingston at Fort Henry and TÃÆ'ªte du Pont Barracks (Fort Frontenac). (Other battery located in Quebec City) Battery is also a school of cannons. Designated as a Regiment of Canadian Artillery , the regular components evolved into the Royal Canadian Horse Artillery. Most of the batteries were kept in TÃÆ'ªte du Pont Barracks until 1939.
Following the withdrawal of British troops from Canada in 1870-71, the federal government recognized the need for an officer training college in Canada. In 1874, during the administration of Hon. Alexander Mackenzie, allows legislation to be passed. Located at Point Frederick, the site of the former Royal Naval Dockyard,
Before an official college was founded in 1876, there was a proposal for a military college in Canada. Managed by British Regulars, students underwent military courses in 1865 at the School of Military Instruction in Kingston. This school allows militia or candidates to obtain militia commissions or promotions to learn military, drill and disciplinary duties, to lead a company in the Drill Battalion, to drill the Company in the Company Drill, the Company's internal economy and Company Officers duties. The school was retained in the Confederation, in 1867.
The withdrawal of imperial troops required a Canadian location for training military officers. Because of Kingston's military tradition and the fact some military buildings are already in the old naval shipyard, Point Frederick was chosen as the location for Canada's first military college, Royal Military College of Canada (RMC). The facility, called only The Military College until 1878, opened at Point Frederick with 18 students in 1876 under Lieutenant Colonel. Edward O. Hewett, R.E. providing cadets with academic and military training. In 1959, it became the first military college in the Commonwealth with the right to grant a University degree.
Located east of downtown Kingston, Barhood Arms's army camp, now McNaughton Barracks, was built at the beginning of World War I and expanded during World War II. Camp Barriefield was named in honor of Rear Admiral Sir Robert Barrie (May 5, 1774 - June 7, 1841), a British naval officer who was registered for his service in the War of 1812. He was later named McNaughton Barracks after Andrew George Latta McNaughton, former national defense secretary. Nearby Vimy Barracks was founded in 1937 for the Royal Canadian Corps of Signals (then Royal Royal Canadian School). Vimy and McNaughton Barracks built Canada's School of Communications and Electronics (CFSCE), a military training training center for the Canadian Forces and several other units. McNaughton Barracks and Vimy Barracks are mostly from Canadian Forces Base Kingston (CFB Kingston). The main military facilities supported by CFB Kingston include Fort Frontenac, at the original castle site, and Royal Military College of Canada.
The Princess Wales regiment itself has been a fixture in Kingston City since 1863. PWOR operates as a Main Reserve Regiment, its members are taken from Kingston and the local community.
During the First World War, the 21st Battalion was formed and saw an action in France in 1915 that produced 18 war awards including their roles in the Battle of Vimy Ridge. The Royal Canadian Horse Artillery also fought in Europe with the 2nd Canadian Division, taking part in 13 great battles. Fort Henry became an internment camp for foreign enemies from August 1914 to November 1917.
During the Second World War, Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders (SD & G), were mobilized in June 1940. During the battle, troops formed in Kingston received government recognition for their achievements. Fort Henry again became an internment camp (Camp 31) from September 1939 to December 1943. A military aerodrome, RCAF Station Kingston, was built west of Kingston to support flying training.
Legacy site
Kingston is known for its historic property, as reflected in the motto of the city "where history and innovation flourish". Including World Heritage Sites, National Historic Sites, sites with Significant Provinces, municipality-defined property, and a registered or unregistered relic property, the city has 1211 properties listed in the list of inheritances it retains in accordance with the Act Ontario heritage.
In 2007, the Rideau Channel, along with the castle in Kingston, was designated a World Heritage Site, one of only 15 such sites in Canada.
There are 21 Canadian National Historic Sites in Kingston.
Demographics
According to Canada's 2011 census, the exact city population is 123,363, while the population of the census metropolitan area (CMA) is 159,561. The 2016 Canadian Census, data for the metropolitan area is 161,175 and for Kingston alone, 123,798.
According to the 2006 census, 152,358 people living in the Metropolitan Area Metropolitan Area, of which 48.7% were male and 51.3% were female. Toddlers account for about 4.8% of Kingston's population. Compare with 5.5% in Ontario. Also according to the 2006 census, 93% of the population is Caucasian; from a visible minority with a population of over 1,000, 1.6% are Chinese, 1.6% are indigenous, 1.2% are South Asian, and 0.7% are black.
In 2001, 14.1% of the population in Kingston was retirement age (65 years and over) compared with 13.2% in Canada. As a result, the average age is 38.1 years compared with 37.6 years for all Canadians. Kingston has a reputation as a suitable place for retirees to settle.
In the five years between 1996 and 2001, the Kingston population grew by 1.6%, compared to a 6.1% increase for Ontario as a whole. Kingston population densities average 77.0 per square kilometer (199/sq. Mi), compared to an average of 12.6/km <2 (33/sqà mi) for Ontario altogether.
Religion
In 2011, there were 78,800 Kingston residents, or about two-thirds of the population, who were members of the Christian group; the largest of which is Roman Catholics, which totaled 33,410 (28.1%), the United United Church (15.520 or 13.0%), and the Anglican Church of Canada (12,340 or 10.5%).
The Presbyterian Church is very influential in the development of post-secondary education in Kingston. The Church was the founder and financial supporter of Queen's University until 1912 when it was agreed that the university should become a secular institution. Sir John A. Macdonald is also a member of Presbyterian Church St. Andrew in Kingston.
A total of 35,435 people, or 29.8% of the population, were identified as non-religious.
Government
For the city government, the city is divided into 12 environments; each choosing one member of the board. All voters in the city voted for the mayor, currently Bryan Paterson, an economics professor at the Royal Military College of Canada. The 13 formed the Kingston City Council. Paterson was elected in Ontario city election, 2014 for the period 2014-2018.
Kingston is part of two federal redirects. Most cities are located in Kingston and the Islands, created in 1966 from Kingston and parts of Hastings - Frontenac - Lennox and Addington and Prince Edward - Lennox. Earlier the mayor of Kingston, Mark Gerretsen (Liberal), was a Member of Parliament, elected in 2015.
A small section north of Highway 401 is located in Lanark - Frontenac - Kingston, created by the federal electoral electoral redistribution of 2012 and legally defined in the framework of the 2013 representation. It comes into force on Canada's 42nd federal election call, scheduled for October 19, 2015 In Canada's federal election, 2015, Scott Reid (politician) (Progressive Conservative) was elected as Member of Parliament.
In the provincial elections, the city consists of one rider, Kingston and the Islands (provincial electoral districts) established after the 1999 redistribution, incorporating half of former Frontenac-Addington and mostly former Kingston and Equestrian Islands. Sophie Kiwala (Liberal), Member of the Provincial Parliament, was first elected in the Ontario election, 2014.
Economy
Kingston's economy relies heavily on public sector institutions and companies. The most important sectors are related to health care, higher education (Queen's University, Royal Military College of Canada, and St. Lawrence College), government (including military and correctional services), tourism and culture. Manufacturing, and research and development play a smaller role than in the past. The private sector accounts for half of Kingston's work. One of Kingston's major industrial companies in the 20th century, Canadian Locomotive Company, closed in 1969, and the old Alcan and DuPont operations hired fewer people than in the past. But due to the downtown location between Toronto, Ottawa, Montreal, and Syracuse, NY, the trucking and logistics warehousing industry has grown.
According to Kingston Economic Development Corporation, large companies in Kingston in December 2014 are:
Transportation
Highway 401, which runs in the northern part of the city, is the main access route to Kingston. The first section of the highway in the Kingston area opened in 1958, though it has not been fully completed for ten years. Highway 15 is an alternative route between Kingston and the Ottawa area. From the south, Interstate 81 connects with Highway 401 east of Kingston.
Regular ferry service operates between downtown Kingston and Wolfe Island. The seasonal ferry service from Cape Vincent, New York, via Wolfe Island, to downtown Kingston is an alternative route to and from the United States. There are also tourist ferries departing from downtown Kingston on a regular basis, albeit with greater frequency in the summer.
The Via Rail corridor service connects Kingston along the main line between Windsor, Ontario and Quebec City. Kingston is a regular stop on a rail service operating between Toronto and Ottawa and between Toronto and Montreal.
By air, Kingston is served by Norman Rogers Airport with Air Canada Express that provides regular services to Toronto Pearson only.
Megabus (Coach Canada) and Greyhound Canada provide services from the Kingston Bus Terminal to Toronto, Ottawa and Montreal. The Toronto Pearson Airport Shuttle is also operated from Kingston via Belleville and Port Hope. The Kingston Shuttle is reported in 2013 to connect to Watertown and Syracuse.
Kingston Transit provides local city bus service.
Tourism
According to Statistics Canada, the tourism industry in Kingston represents an important part of the city's economy. In 2004, more than 3,500 jobs were contributed to the Kingston economy because of the tourism industry. The tourism industry has been at a healthy growth rate and has become one of the most performing sectors in Kingston. The unique opportunities presented for this industry are now shifting travel trends and baby boomers. The success of the Kingston tourism industry relies heavily on information about travelers; However, data availability remains a challenge.
Kingston has launched several tourism campaigns including: Downtown Kingston! , and Yellow Door . The city launched a campaign to attract more traffic to downtown Kingston. Promotional mission statement promises, "to promote Kingston city center as a vibrant commercial, retail, residential, and entertainment center in our region, attracting more people to life, shopping, work and get together". The downtown area of ​​Kingston is known as a central business district, and is a gathering place for events including Kingston Buskers Rendezvous, FebFest, 1000 Islands Poker Run and The Limestone City Blues Festival.
Alternatively, Yellow Door promotes tourism throughout the city. The purpose of this campaign is to increase consumer exposure to Kingston tourism, while still making financial sense. A yellow door is used as a metaphor for Kingston - and the wonderful times people have - and use street workers to gather potential tourists from Toronto and Ottawa nearby. "Yellow Door" promotes interest by offering potential travelers a trip to Kingston. In 2013, the Yellow Door received the Tourism Advertising Award Excellence for the marketing and promotion of Ontario's tourism products.
Attractions
TripAdvisor website users rate the following as one of the best places in and near the city: Canadian Penitentiary Museum, Fort Henry (Fort Henry National Historic Site), Wolfe Island (via ferry), Bellevue House National Historic Site, Kingston Hall Town and the city center is nearby. Recommended Ontario Travel includes exploring the Thousand Islands, The Grand Theater (Kingston, Ontario) and Rogers K-Rock Center.
Culture
Kingston hosted several festivals during the year, including Kingston WritersFest, the Cretan City Blues Festival, the Kingston Film Festival of Canada, the Artfest, the Rendezvous Kingston Busker, the Kingston Jazz Festival, the Reelout Film Festival, the Feb Fest, the Wolfe Island Music Festival, the Skeleton Park Arts Festival , and DÃÆ'a de los Muertos Kingston Festival.
Kingston is home to many artists working in visual arts, media arts, literature, and more and more who work in other time-based disciplines such as performing arts. The contemporary art scene in particular has two long-standing, non-profit professionals in the city center, the Agnes Etherington Art Center (founded 1957), and the Modern Fuel Artist-Run Center (founded 1977). Local artists often participate in the exhibition programs of their respective organizations, while each also presents works by artists from across Canada and around the world - in accordance with their educational mandate. Alternative venues for the Kingston exhibition program presentation include Union Gallery (Queen's University student art gallery), Verb Gallery, Open Studio 22, Kingston Arts Council gallery, The Artel: Accommodation and Arts Venue, and Tett and Creativity Center.
The Kingston WritersFest happens every year. Circle of Wellness hosts the DÃÆ'a de los Muertos Kingston Festival held annually on the first Sunday of November. For more than four decades, Canadian Canadian Club Kingston has hosted a "Lviv, Ukraine" pavilion as part of the Folklore tradition, organizing this popular cultural and folk festival annually on the second full weekend in June (at Regiopolis-Notre Dame High School). Literary events also occur throughout the year at Kingston Frontenac Public Library and local bookstores. Authors who have or have been residents of Kingston include Steven Heighton, Bronwen Wallace, Helen Humphreys, Michael Ondaatje, Diane Schoemperlen, Michael Crummey, Mark Sinnett, Mary Alice Downie, Robertson Davies, Wayne Grady, Merilyn Simonds, Alec Ross, Jamie Swift and Carolyn Smart.
Music and theater venues include The Grand Theater, and The Wellington Street Theater, which hosts performances from international, national and local groups such as Domino Theater, Kingston Theater, Vagabond Repertation Theater Company, Hope Theater Project, Bottle Tree Production, and other small groups of downtown points. The Kingston Symphony performed at The Grand Theater, as did some amateur and semi-professional theater groups. K-Rock Center, entertainment venue and ice rink with 5,800 seats, opened in February 2008.
The city has spawned several musicians and music groups, most of whom are known mainly in Canada, but some have achieved international success. These include The Tragically Hip, Steppenwolf frontman John Kay, The Glorious Sons, The Mahones, Andy Poole jazz singer, Bedouin Soundclash, Sarah Harmer, The Arrogant Worms, The Headstones, The Inbreds, PS I Love You and Moist members, David Usher.
Kingston is also the birthplace of Bryan Adams. The first winner of the Canadian Idol television series is Kingston Ryan Malcolm's original.
The poet Michael Andre grew up in Kingston. Zal Yanovsky from The Lovin 'Spoonful lived in Kingston until his death in 2002.
Comedians and actors Dan Aykroyd have a place to live north of Kingston and frequented in the city. He had been a small partner in a restaurant called Aykroyd's Ghetto House Cafà ©  © over Princess Street during the 1990s that prominently featured the Blues Brothers car projected out of the second story wall.
Education
Kingston is the site of two universities, Queen's University and Royal Military College of Canada, and community college, St. Lawrence College. According to Canadian Statistics, Kingston has PhD per capita holders from every city in Canada.
Queen's Queen's University
Queen's University is one of Canada's oldest universities and offers a variety of degree programs. The university was founded in 1841 under the royal charter of Queen Victoria. It has enrollment of nearly 25,000 students. Main Campus Queen is somewhat independent, but within walking distance to downtown Kingston, making it a pedestrian-friendly university for students and faculty.
Royal Military College of Canada
The Royal Military College of Canada, founded in 1876, is the only Canadian military university (Collienção Militaire Royal in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec is a military college), provides training academic and leadership to cadet officers, other members of the armed forces and Canadian civilians. There are 1,100 undergraduate students and 500 full and part time graduate students.
St. Lawrence College
St. Lawrence College offers bachelor's degree programs on the Kingston campus, in behavioral psychology, industrial trade, microelectronics, nursing and business administration (the latter through partnership with Laurentian University), in addition to certificates, diplomas, and advanced diploma programs.
Primary and secondary education
The Limestone District School Board serves students in Kingston City and Frontenac districts and Lennox and Addington. Together with the Limestone School of Community Education, which provides adult education and training programs, approximately 21,000 students attend 70 primary and secondary schools along with support center education. The Algonquin and Lakeshore Catholic District School Boards serve students from the Roman Catholic faith. About 12,800 students attend 36 elementary schools and 5 secondary schools in the district. Catholic secondary schools in the Kingston area soon included Regiopolis Notre-Dame and Holy Cross Catholic High Schools. The francophone community is served by two school boards, the Conseil des ÃÆ' Â © coles publiques de l'Est de l'Ontario and the Conseil Cathedral des ÃÆ' Â © coles du Center-Est, each providing a secondary school in the area.
Kingston secondary school:
Institution and correctional facility
Kingston has the largest concentration of federal prisons in Canada. The facility is operated by a Canadian Penitentiary. Of the nine institutions located in the Kingston area, seven of them are within the city limits of the city.
- Kingston Penitentiary (maximum security) (Officially closed September 30, 2013).
- The Regional Maintenance Center (multi-level security), located within the Kingston Correctional Institution
- Joyceville Institution (intermediate security)
- Pittsburgh Institution (minimum security), in collaboration with Joyceville
- Collins Bay Institution (intermediate security)
- Frontenac Institution (minimum security), in collaboration with Collins Bay
- Millhaven Institution (maximum security), and Bath Institution (medium security), are in the nearest village of Bath.
Until 2000, Canada's only federal prison for women, Women's Prison (nicknamed "P4W") was also in Kingston. As a result of the Investigative Commission's report to Certain Events in Women's Prison in Kingston, the facility was closed in 2000. Queen's university purchased the property with the intention of renovating it the Queen's Archives, but the interior of the building was awarded a legacy; Therefore, the Queen lost the ability to renovate the interior and is considering its options.
In September 2013, after nearly 180 years of housing arrest, the Kingston Correctional Institution was closed. The maximum security prison was named National Historic Site of Canada in February 1990 because of its history and reputation. In the early years, prisons had an important role in building the city. The prison brought prosperity to Kingston, and along with eight other prisons built in the area, helped create an impressive local economy.
Geography and climate
Kingston is located within the Ecozone Mixedwood Plains region, and is dominated in the Kingston area by a mixture of leaf and needle tree species and abundant water resources. This region is largely based on the Ordovician limestone of the Black River Group.
Being in a hardiness zone 5, Kingston has a moderate moist climate climate (climatic classification KÃÆ'¶ppen Dfb ). The summers are cooler and winters colder than most of Southern Ontario. Although its proximity to Lake Ontario has moderate effects on climate, it also retains heat and can sometimes increase rainfall, especially during heavy snowfall events. Soft winds to the breeze of Lake Ontario make Kingston one of the most consistent windy cities in Canada, especially near the water. As a result of high moderation over time is a relatively simple 35.6 °, Â ° C (96Ã, Â ° F) recorded on July 9, 1936. However, due to humidity, the humidex value for such days is very high. The coldest temperature ever recorded in Kingston was -35.6 Â ° C (-32 Â ° F) on February 17, 1896.
The center of the city is between the Cataraqui River to the east and Little Cataraqui Creek to the west, with a remote area extending in both directions. The eastern part of the city is accessible by La Salle Causeway on Highway 2.
Key features of Kingston's waterfront include Flora MacDonald Confederation Basin, Portsmouth Olympic Harbor, Collins Bay, Wolfe Island, Garden Island, Cataraqui River (including Inner Harbor and, in that, Anglin Bay).
Sports
Hockey
Kingston claims to be the birthplace of ice hockey, though it is contested. Support for this was found in the entry of the British Army officers journal in Kingston in 1843. He writes "Starts off this year, rises quickly and is very happy to play hockey on ice." Kingston is also home to the world's oldest remaining hockey competition based on a game played in 1886 in the frozen port of Kingston between Queen's University and the Royal Military College of Canada. To mark this event, the city hosts an annual match between two institutions, playing in clean frozen lake plots with both teams wearing uniforms on time and using the rules of the era. Both schools are also the annual Carr-Harris Cup contest, named Lorne Carr-Harris, under the conditions of modern competition to commemorate and continue their rivalry.
The Memorial Cup, which serves as the annual championship event for the Canadian Hockey League, began in 1919 on the Kingstonian James T. Sutherland initiative. The first championship was held in Kingston. Sutherland, a member of the Hockey Hall of Fame, also helped establish an annual exhibition match between the Royal Military College of Canada and the United States Military Academy (West Point) in 1923.
Kingston is represented in the Hockey League of Ontario (OHL) by Kingston Frontenacs, and in Ontario Junior Hockey League (OJHL) by Kingston Voyageurs. Frontenacs general manager is a genuine Doug Gilmour of Kingston.
Hall of Fame Hockey International, was established in September 1943 with a building built in 1965. The original building is located near the Kingston Memorial Center (which opened in 1950), but has since been moved to the western end of Kingston at Invista Center. The International Hockey Hall of Fame, founded by the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association, is Canada's oldest famous sports hall. The museum collection is home to a variety of items that pay homage to Kingston's role in Canadian hockey history. These include: the original square hockey puck from the first University of Queens vs. game Royal Military College of Canada (RMC) in 1886, the oldest hockey sweater worn by Queen's students in 1894, and Canada's first Olympic gold medal from 1924, among others.
New to the city is the K-Rock Center, in the center of the city center. Arena opened in February 2008, and serves as the home ice for Frontenacs. Voyageurs play at the new Invista Center at the western end of town.
Soccer
Kingston Clippers Soccer Club competes in the male and female divisions of the Ontario semi-professional League 1. The League and L1O Cup matches are played from May to October.
Sailing
The city is known for its fresh water sailing, and hosted a sailing event for the 1976 Summer Games. CORK - The Canadian Olympic training regime, Kingston - now hosted by CORK/Sail Kingston Inc. still held every August. Since 1972, Kingston has hosted more than 40 world championships and Olympics. Kingston is listed by a panel of experts among the best yacht races in the US, even though Kingston is in Canada.
Kingston is situated in the middle of an excellent roaming and boat area, with easy access to Lake Ontario, the St. Lawrence, and the Thousand Islands include St. Andrew's National Park. Lawrence.
Kingston is also home to a young sailing yacht vessel called St. Lawrence II.
During the summer, the RMC campus in Kingston hosts the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets camp called HMCS Ontario , which provides sail training along with many other trainings for youth from across Canada. Kingston Yacht Club in downtown Kingston has a sailing learning program for both children and adults.
Diving
Kingston is known for diving fresh water accidents. Kingston shipwrecks are well preserved by cold fresh water, and recent shells zebra invasion has led to a dramatic increase in water clarity that has improved the quality of diving in the area.
Golf
The Kingston area has eight golf courses, two of which are entirely common. Kingston Golf Club, founded in 1884, was a founding member of the Royal Canadian Golf Association in 1895; However, the club stopped operating in the mid-1920s. The first winner of the Canadian Amateur Championship that same year was Kingstonian Thomas Harley, a Scottish immigrant carpenter. Richard H. (Dick) Green, who immigrated to the area from Britain in the late 1920s, was a professional club for nearly 40 years at the Cataraqui Golf and Country Club (founded in 1917 and redesigned by Stanley Thompson in 1930). Green also helped design several programs in eastern Ontario, including Smiths Falls (1949), Glen Lawrence (1955), Rideau Lakes (1961), Amherstview (1971), Garrison (1971), Evergreen (1972), Belle Park Fairways (1975) , Rivendell (1979), and Colonnade (1984). Matt McQuillan, a professional player on the PGA Tour for the 2011 and 2012 seasons, was born and raised in Kingston, and developed his game at Garrison Golf and Curling Club. McQuillan won Telus Edmonton Open 2005 at the Canadian Professional Golf Tour.
Curling
Three curling clubs are in the Kingston area: Cataraqui Golf & amp; Country Club, Garrison Golf & amp; Curling Club, and Royal Kingston Curling Club. The Royal Kingston Curling Club (RKCC) was established in 1820, and was granted Kingdom protection in 1993. In 2006, the RKCC moved into a new facility at 130 Days Road, to make way for the construction of a new complex at Queen's University, Queen's Center.
Rugby
Kingston Panthers Rugby Football Club (KPRFC) was founded in 1959, and from that time onwards has established a reputation as a strong community player. KPRFC is a nonprofit organization that answers directly to the Eastern Ontario Rugby Union (EORU), the Ontario Rugby Union (ORU), and Rugby Canada (RC). The Kingston Panthers R.F.C, recently celebrated their fortieth anniversary with an EORU Championship in the Division 1 Championship at Twin Elm Rugby Park in Ottawa, Ontario.
Football
The initial incarnation of the organized football team in Kingston was the Kingston Granites who played in its predecessor league to the Canadian Football League, Ontario Rugby Football Union (ORFU). The team played for four seasons between 1898 and 1901 won 1 ORFU title in 1899 defeating Ottawa Rough Riders 8-0. Kingston also hosted the 10th Gray Cup on December 2, 1922. The Limestone Grenadiers now represent Kingston and the surrounding area on the OVFL. The catchment area of ​​the Club franchise attracts players from Frontenac, Hastings, Lanark, Leeds, Lennox and Prince Edward county. The league fight takes place from late May to August. The Junior and Varsity team's main schedules ranked Grenadiers against east Ontario rivals and cross-over games with Ontario teams in the west that lead to the provincial title championship. Many famous football players, CFLs, NFL players, coaches and figures have been associated with Kingston including:
Famous people
Media
See also
- Cartwright Point, Ontario
- In Port, Kingston
- Sydenham Ward
- Kingston Mills
- Portsmouth, Kingston
- Rideau Heights, Kingston
- Royal Eponyms in Canada
- HMCS Kingston (MM 700)
References
Note
Bibliography
External links
- Travel guide Kingston, Ontario from Wikivoyage
- Kingston City Official Website
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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