ITV Granada (formerly Granada Television ; informally Granada ) is a regional service Channel 3 for North West England and the Isle of Man. The license for the region has been held by ITV Broadcasting Limited since November 2008. It is the largest independent television franchise company in the UK, accounting for 25% of total broadcast output from the ITV network. It has been hosted by Granada Television, founded by Sidney Bernstein and based at Granada Studios on Quay Street in Manchester from the beginning. It is the only surviving company of the four original independent Television Authority franchises of 1954; Granada Media Group (the parent company of Granada Television) joined Carlton Communications to form ITV plc in 2004. It includes Cheshire, Greater Manchester, Lancashire, Merseyside, northwest Derbyshire, parts of Cumbria and North Yorkshire. On July 15, 2009, the Isle of Man was transferred to ITV Granada from ITV Border (although the Isle of Man is British Crown Dependency and not part of the United Kingdom).
Broadcasting by Granada Television began on May 3, 1956 under the franchise of the Northern English working day. It is marked by a distinctive northern identity, and uses the letter "G" arrow-shaped logo pointing northward, often with the tagline "Granada: from the north". Granada plc joined Carlton Communications to form ITV plc in 2004 after the duopoly developed over the past decade. The name Granada, as with other former Channel 3 regional licensees, has completely disappeared except for regional newsletters and regional news magazines every week; ITV Broadcasting Limited operates services with national ITV branding and sustainability. Granada Television Ltd is still legally there. Together with most other regional companies owned by ITV plc, listed at www.companieshouse.gov.uk as "Inactive Company". Other listed companies are Granada Television International and Granada Television Overseas Ltd, but these are inactive or non-trading.
The North West region is considered the most successful ITV franchise. The Financial Times and The Independent once described Granada Television, a former franchise holder, as "the best commercial television company in the world". Nine Granada programs are listed on BFI TV 100 in 2000. Some of the most notable programs include Coronation Street , Seven Up! , Royle Family , Crown Jewel , Brideshead Revisited , World in Action , Challenge University and The Krypton Factor . Notable employees include Paul Greengrass, Michael Apted, Mike Newell, Jeremy Isaacs, Andy Harries, Russell T Davies, and Leslie Woodhead.
Video ITV Granada
Histori
Origins
Granada Television, a subsidiary of Granada Ltd, is from Granada Theaters Ltd., which has a cinema in southern England. Founded in Dover in 1930 by Sidney Bernstein and his brother Cecil. The company was incorporated as Granada Ltd in 1934 and listed on the London Stock Exchange in 1935; Granada Theaters Ltd becomes a subsidiary of a new company. It is named after the Spanish city of Granada.
The Bernstein became involved in commercial television, a competitor to the cinema chain. Bernstein is bidding for the North of England franchise, which he believes will not affect the largely south-based cinema network. In 1954, the Independent Television Authority (ITA) handed Granada a North English contract for Monday through Friday, with ABC serving the same region at the weekend. Companies using ITA's Winter Hill and Emley Moor transmitter include Lancashire and West and East Ridings of Yorkshire, including major conurbations around Liverpool, Manchester, Leeds, Bradford, Sheffield and Doncaster.
North and London are the two largest regions. Granada prefers North because of the growing cultural tradition in the country, and because it offers an opportunity to start new creative industries away from the London metropolitan atmosphere... North is a close and indigenous industrial society; homogeneous cultural groups with good musical, theater, literary, and newspaper records, are not found elsewhere on the island, except perhaps in Scotland. Compare with London and its surroundings - full of abandoned people. And, of course, if you look at a map of the concentration of people in the North and a rain map, you'll see that the North is the ideal place for television ".
Bernstein chose a base from Leeds and Manchester. Granada executive Victor Peers believes Manchester is the preferred choice even before executives tour the region to find a suitable location. Granada Studios, designed by architect Ralph Tubbs, was built on a site on Quay Street in Manchester's Manchester city center, bought by the company for £ 82,000.
Transmission began in Lancashire on May 3, 1956, and Yorkshire six months later. The opening night shows Meet The People hosted by Quentin Reynolds and comedian Arthur Askey. Reynolds became drunk before the broadcast and had to be conscious.
Although referred to above as Channel 3, Granada Television actually started airing on Channel 9 V.H.F. black and white (405 lines) from Winter Hill transmitters on weekdays from 3 May 1956, with Associated British Corporation (ABC) Television broadcasting in North & Midlands on weekends. Then 625 lines U.H.F. Channel 59 from Winter Hill and began airing in color in the Autumn of 1969.
Initial years
Most ITV franchisees view their territory as a temporary place before winning the coveted London franchise. In contrast, Granada is determined to develop a strong northern identity - northern sounds, northern programs, northern idents with phrases like Granada from the north, north of Granada and Granadaland . Bernstein refused to hire anyone who was not ready to stay or travel to Manchester and Jeremy Isaacs called it a 'genial tyrant' as a result.
I think what Manchester are seeing today, London will see the end.
Bernstein decided to build a new studio rather than rent space or change old buildings, an approach favored by other ITV companies and by the BBC at the original Manchester studio. Investing in new studios in 1954 contributed to a financially struggling Granada, and the company nearly went bankrupt by the end of 1956. The four ITA franchisees were expected to make a loss in the first few years of operation, but Granada was a significant amount of Ã, £ 175,000 (nearly £ 3.5 million in 2011). When it is first profitable, it has the lowest gain from the quartet.
Granada sought the help of Associated-Rediffusion, a London-day work station, which agreed to bear Granada's debt in exchange for a percentage of its profits, without the consent of ITA, which would block it. Granada accepted the deal, but the popularity of ITV increased and profitability followed. Analysts questioned how Associated-Rediffusion, ABC and ATV made annual gains of up to £ 2.7 million in 1959 and Granada's earnings were under £ 1 million. With increased revenue, Granada tried to renegotiate the contract; Associated-Rediffusion refused, worsening relationships over the years. The deal is worth more than Ã, Â £ 8 million (2008: Ã, Â £ 129m) to Rediffusion. In the early 1960s Granada was founded and its soap opera Coronation Street quickly became popular, as well as inexpensive game shows such as Criss Cross Quiz and University Challenge >.
Franchise changes
In the franchise round of 1968, the Granada contract was changed from a working day across the entire northern England region to an entire week northwest of the Winter Hill transmitter station. Yorkshire is defined as a separate area and a contract is awarded to Yorkshire Television, broadcasting from Emley Moor transmitter station; the transmission is acceptable in the North Lincolnshire section. Bernstein is angry with the decision to break up "Granadaland", and claims he will appeal to the UN. Granada Television was accepted in what is now Greater Manchester, Lancashire, Merseyside and Cheshire, south of what is now Cumbria (then Lancashire) around Barrow-in-Furness, Derbyshire High Peak district (Glossop, Buxton) and parts of the Island human. Parts of North Wales can only receive Winter Hill transmission (ie Granada) rather than HTV.
Granada defended its franchise in a franchise review of 1980, and invested in the production of a multi-million dollar dramatic series such as The Jewel in the Crown and Brideshead Revisited . In the late 1980s, British commercial broadcasters were considered too small to compete in the world market, and ITV franchises began to consolidate with the goal of creating a company with a larger budget.
The 1990 Broadcasting Act instigated a round of 1991 franchise auctions, in which companies had to bid for the region. Mersey Television, the company that produces the soap opera Channel 4 Brookside , bid Ã, £ 35m compared to Granada Ã, Â £ 9m but Granada won because the Mersey package did not meet the 'quality threshold' applied by the Television Commission Independent. This requirement harms the company without previous franchise experience. Granada has a popular television series such as Coronation Street that threatens to be sold to satellite TV if the franchise is lost. The government responded by loosening the regulatory regime, so the ITV contractor could take over other companies, and Granada bought several companies. Some in the company consider ITV to survive only as a single entity that joins to have enough resources to produce a large budget program, increasing concerns when BSkyB begins to take its share of ITV watch, which leads to less advertising revenue, a source of ITV revenue.
David Plowright, who has worked in Granada since 1957, resigned in 1992 citing the arrival of Gerry Robinson. He tightened the department's budget with an uncompromising business approach. Plowright has been the driving force of the company, producing programs such as World in Action and Coronation Street and promoting the Granada Studios Tour. His departure angered famous media industry figures; John Cleese faxed Robinson using the 'vitriolic language' and referred to it as a 'new caterer', a reference to his past work. John Birt, Harold Pinter, and Alan Bennett all support Plowright for quality programming.
Takeover offer
The so-called 'Big 5' ITV, Thames, LWT, Central, Granada and Yorkshire Television franchises are expected to take over ten smaller franchises. Granada wants to consolidate with Yorkshire and Tyne Tees Television to 'counter potential dominance of the southeast', and prospects taken over by Thames Television. Granada made a hostile offer for LWT in December 1993, but LWT believes Granada has little to offer despite having three times market capitalization; Granada, however, completed a takeover in 1994. Granada continued to grow by acquiring Yorkshire-Tyne Tees Television for Ã, £ 652m in 1997 and purchasing UNM television assets for Ã, Â £ 1.75 billion in 2000 - whereby it obtained Anglia Television and Meridian Broadcasting and several HTV divisions - the remaining division passes to Carlton's competitor company due to competition law. A year later, he acquired the Border from Capital Radio Group.
In 2002, Granada has formed an effective duopoly of ITV with Carlton Television, owning all ITV companies in England and Wales. The remaining franchises in Scotland, (Scottish Television and Grampian Television), UTV in Northern Ireland, and Television Channels on the Channel Islands, remain independent.
Granada was in poor financial shape and closed the Granada Studios Tour in 2001, citing the declining visitor numbers. The real reason is the decision to increase episode production for Coronation Street to five per week. Without access to the set, the highlight of the tour, the business of the Granada Studios Tour is no longer viable. The company also closed the Granada Film. The rise of digital television cut ITV's share of watch, lowering advertising revenue, which already suffered competition with the internet. The cost of ITV Digital Granada and Carlton losses estimated to be over Ã, Â £ 1 billion reduced the company's value from 2001 to 2003.
ITV Granada and ITV unification
On October 28, 2002, in the launch of a wide network, Granada was renamed to ITV1 Granada. The name Granada was shown before the regional program, but this has stopped; his name has vanished from the screen due to all other ITV regional identities. Since rebranding, all announcements of continuity were made from London. The Granada logo appeared at the end of its own program until October 31, 2004.
Granada was allowed by the government to join Carlton on February 2, 2004 to form ITV plc. The move was taken over by Granada, whose market capitalization doubled from Carlton in nearly Ã, Â £ 2 billion. Granada owns 68% of the shares and Carlton 32%; The chairman appointed Michael Green was ousted by shareholders and the majority of the new board members are from Granada. Carlton employees were included in the Granada operation or made redundant, with three of the four new departments headed by Granada staff.
From 1 November 2004, the production of Granada was credited "Granada Manchester", the unified brand of internal production arm but on 21 September 2005 it was announced that the name Granada would no longer appear at the end of the program. The in-house production arm was renamed 'ITV Productions'. The change on January 16, 2006 coincided with the relaunch of graphics on the ITV screen. Granada names and logos are used at the end of the program created for other networks, such as University Challenge for BBC Two and the old programs shown on BSkyB 1, 2 and 3 (now Select) channels, until 2009.
In November 2006, Granada lost its on-air identity when a regional program voiced ITV1 or ITV1 Granada over generic ident. Local news coverage labeled Granada News except for the main bulletin of 18.00 Granada Reports . Granada Reports ' its main rival is BBC North West Tonight, broadcasted around the same region. In 2009, ITV removed the Granada brand from all departments including its international production arm, Granada America becoming ITV Studios America. The end of credit on the program made at The Manchester Studios is credited to ITV Studios.
Attend
ITV made a reduction, dropped 600 jobs in 2009, effectively closing Leeds Studio Yorkshire Television; redundancies were mostly made in London, leaving Granada relatively unscathed. In ITV 2009 regional news trimming, Granada is one of three areas unaffected by change except to take on the Isle of Man previously served by the ITV Border Lookaround program.
ITV is required by UK communications regulator Ofcom to generate 50% of its program outside London, something that failed to achieve in 2007 and 2008. With this obligation, retain Manchester as the northern hub, and Ã, Â £ 80m move to MediaCityUK on March 25, 2013 , ITV seems committed to the Granada region for the foreseeable future.
Maps ITV Granada
Studio
In 18 months between the franchise award and the commencement of the transmission, Granada built a new studio complex on Quay Street. This previously reported site is a grave for the graves of the poor, where 22,000 people are buried. An article in The Sun newspaper and an episode of the Most Haunted TV series seems to be the only source for this claim in 2009. Twelve maps from between 1772 and 1960 did not shows Cemetery and building evidence shown on Chinese bull sites from 1807. Parts of Manchester and Salford Junction Canal, which linked the Irwell River to the Rochdale Canal from 1839 to 1922, flow through the tunnel beneath the site. These studios have previously been the center of BBC television for four years and are the first television studios built in the UK.
Bernstein exaggerated the studio scale, to make Granada a rival of the BBC, and gave the studio only an even number so there appeared to be 12 despite being six. The studios were operated by 3sixtymedia, a joint venture of ITV Studios with BBC Resources Ltd from 2000. The studios then hosted a showcase replacement with the closure of Yorkshire television studios at Leeds in 2009, including Channel 4 Countdown.
In September 2010, the old red mark "Granada TV" marked on the roof and entrance of Granada Studios on Quay Street was removed for security reasons after maintenance found it very rusty. Some people claim the signs will be returned. The Museum of Science and Industry (MOSI) has registered interest to inherit the mark, deeming it important to Manchester's cultural heritage.
Relocation
After the ITV merger in 2004, the possibility of selling Quay Street sites was considered, with staff, studios and offices moving to adjacent warehouse building. ITV anticipates the BBC will buy the land but the BBC chose to move to the development of MediaCityUK Peel Group in Salford Quays. ITV considered moving to Trafford Wharf on the Manchester Ship Channel from the BBC at MediaCityUK. Discussions continued for several years and a principal agreement was reached in 2008. In March 2009, in recession, Granada announced it would remain on Quay Street but after management changes, the talks resumed in January 2010. Two years later on December 16, 2010, Granada announced it would moved to Orange Building at MediaCityUK with Salford University. The plan will be to build a studio to produce the soap opera ITV Coronation Street across the canal channel of the ship at Trafford Wharf. A planning permit is granted and construction work begins on September 6, 2011 with the objective of completion in 2012. ITV Granada moves to MediaCityUK on March 25, 2013.
Identity
Throughout its history, Granada Television uses the arrow logo pointing north in youth, often accompanied by the slogan 'from the North'. Sidney Bernstein wants to present a northern identity. Granada Television is considered more courageous than other franchisees and the BBC, and places a great emphasis featuring the northern style that sets it apart from them. Bernstein believes that the north has an untapped creative energy that needs to be cultivated.
Granada is one of the few areas that do not play "God Save the Queen" in closedown.
In 1958, two years after its launch, the northern style of Granada Television was clear. Kenneth Clark, of the Independent Television Authority (ITA) who let the franchise, commented: "We do not quite predict how much Granada Television will develop characters that distinguish it from the most obvious from other program companies and from the BBC." Peter Salmon, of the BBC said: "Granada Television is making a TV program in the northwest, to the north, reflecting the culture and attitude of the north."
Idents
From its launch in 1956 to 1968, when an ident featuring the word "GRANADA" between the two horizontal lines was introduced, the channel used text and animation that showed a thin upward arrow and Granada, in stylized letters, in the box. The arrows point to "n" in Granada, pointing north and sometimes animation revealing the slogan 'From North', before the name of Granada.
After the use of the word "GRANADA" between two horizontal lines was removed in the first half of 1969, the well-known 'G' logo pointed, combining the upward/North arrows used earlier into the letter "G" was introduced. This is the company logo for the entire Granada Group (also seen as a logo for a TV rental company in Granada), so it is introduced into their ITV franchise as a matter of course rather than the ITV franchise choosing to adopt a new branding. The logo is originally white on a gray background (although it sometimes appears as black on a white background) but after color recognition, the gray is replaced with blue (after a short time using the white/yellow/purple background symbol) with a white GRANADA name and a yellow G symbol.
A color emblem was used from the 1970s until it was replaced by a series of idents to celebrate the 30th anniversary of Granada Television on May 3, 1986, when it was a computer animation pointing "G" against a multilevel background and a candle-covered cake in pointed form G. On September 1, 1986, Granada Television again used a caption featuring 3D or 3D chrome designated 'G' on a graded background blue. Granada Television is used in a vision of continuity that displays the personality of the north giving the message. It is common for logos to be seen for a few seconds after continuity before the program, and continuity is rarely given above symbols.
On June 5, 1989, Granada Television launched a display featuring G, a pointed point that was played into place on time for music against the natural landscape. When the first ITV generic display was launched, Granada Television refused to adopt it, as the incorrect Granada Television logo was incorporated into the 'V' segment of the logo. The company uses a version with a see-through logo shown at the beginning, before proceeding with a generic ident and ending up with a generic ITV logo.
On June 4, 1990, Granada Television, ahead of the 1990 franchise round, relaunched the brand on the screen into a blue line that descended from the top of the screen, containing a pointy 'G', with a plain white background. by the same music as before. The visible variation from which the line is formed from falling or backlit feathers. On May 11, 1992, the line showed the color of the rainbow before it became a common blue and this identity remained on screen until January 1, 1995.
On January 3, 1994, Granada Television introduced a series of films featuring flags with logos against various scenes in the region, accompanied by the slogan 'Setting Standards'. It introduces local programming, Granada Reports , or promotions.
On January 2, 1995, the stripe theme was modified; the letter 'G' is larger on the blue line on the computer that produces a multicolored background and 'G' is created by filming a large 'G' perspex with motion control photography. This ident was used, from various angles, until November 7, 1999, in which additional additional points were based on a surreal environment, such as a fish blowing a bubble with G inside, which drifted to the surface, or zoomed into a housewife's eyes to reveal G in his eyes , introduced.
All idents were replaced on November 8, 1999 when Granada Television took a generic heart. Granada Television keeps the G-shaped logo, made a bit thinner and placed in a grid at the top of the screen. The double branding of Granada Television and ITV lasted until October 28, 2002, when regional identity was lowered for the brand new ITV1 channel. Celebrity identity packs feature plain ITV1 idols for all national programs, and Granada Television is placed under the ITV1 logo for regional programs. This practice continued until January 16, 2006, when no names were used, and Granada Productions was replaced with ITV Productions on the final board of the program. The Granada Television logo continues on the final board till this date. The Granada name is used on announcements prior to local programming through a generic ITV1 ident until all non-news regional programs are deleted.
On January 14, 2013, the TV station's broadcast identity is changed to ITV, along with all other franchised ITV franchises.
During the early days, the G-shaped logo was used in two other subsidiary businesses. First came the 'Red Arrow Television Rental' network. During the days when many families preferred to rent their TV sets to compensate for the poor reliability and change of fashion, the company had the same fate as established 'heavy hitters' such as Radio Rentals. The company's opening promotion is to give every new customer a small statue of Hiawatha style to stand on top of their new TV set. After the success, the name was later changed to 'Granada TV Rental'. Based on the results of this company, Granada Television dipped its toes into the office furniture leasing business, and carpet and fitting sales for larger business customers, with 'Black Arrow'. This business is less successful.
At Bridge Street in Manchester, a street adjacent to the Granada TV studios, stands a dry cleaning business called Granada Dry Cleaners. Despite the company logo and store signs facia aping (until early 2014 when their signage was changed) exactly the typeface of the Granada Television logo, Granada Dry Cleaners is a completely independent family run business. Founded in 1957 by Gerald and Ronnie Singer and has no relationship whatsoever with Granada TV or its subsidiaries.
In March 2016, the trademark 'G' arrow was owned by Matgo Ltd.
Program
In 1958, the broadcast television broadcast of Granada from Rochdale by-election, 1958, the first election to be covered on television in England. Granada's coverage is broad, and it also broadcasted two debate candidates. More than 50 years later, Granada Studios hosted the first General Election debate among leaders of the three main political parties.
Granada's courage is seen in an ambitious documentary like Seven Up !, popularized in 1964. This program is a social experiment that follows the lives of 14 seven-year-old English children. It tracks their lives at seven-year intervals to discover whether their hopes and aspirations have been achieved. This documentary was voted the greatest film ever made by renowned filmmakers and the latest installment, 56 Up , premiumÃÆ'¨red in 2012. Seven Up is part of The world in action documentary series between 1963 and 1998, which was award-winning but controversial. It garnered a reputation for hard-hitting investigative journalism and its producer Gus Macdonald commented that the program was 'brash.' Paul Greengrass said that David Plowright told him, "do not forget, your work is making trouble." World in Action demonstrates investigative journalism that struck hard and explored issues such as police corruption in the Metropolitan Police in 1985 and the Royal Family's tax loophole in 1991. The program led a campaign to prove the innocence of Birmingham Six years 1985 when researcher Chris Mullin questioned his beliefs; in 1991 the men had been released from prison.
The classic opera-class soap opera, Coronation Street, commenced a 13-week, two-episode per week race on December 9, 1960. It is still produced at the peak-five peak-watching episode a week after 50 years, and is an opera the longest soap in the world. Set-pieces like Siege Week and Crash Trash 2010 were filmed in the studio. The company also produces ingenious drama series such as A Family at War (1970-72), set during World War II.
Granada produced The Stars Look Down (1975), Laurence Olivier Presents (1976-78), Brideshead Revisited < brought the series of Lost Worlds (between 1969 and 1993) and, from 1984, the Sherlock Holmes Adventures and Gems on the Crown for international audience. The event is sold overseas by Granada Television International .
Other flagship programs, the old quiz show, Challenge University initially aired between 1962 and 1987. It was revived by the BBC in 1994 (produced by Granada). The company produced The Krypton Factor , between 1977 and 1995 (revived by ITV in 2009). One of Granada's longest-running programs, What The Papers Say, broadcast by Granada in 1956, was taken over by the BBC in the early 1990s, and shown by Channel 4. The program introduced the idea of ​​discussing what newspapers reported , followed by Sunday Supplement and The Wright Stuff . In the 1970s, Granada produced a sitcom, often based on life in the northwest including Nearby and Beloved , The Lovers and The Cuckoo Waltz, > followed by
Brothers McGregor and Witnessing in the 1980s.
Granada attracted 1970s pop music with performances such as Lifting with Ayshea and the Bay City Rollers show, Shang-a-lang. Granada's So It Goes was presented by Tony Wilson and showcased the punk phenomenon, bringing Sex Pistols and Clash to a TV screen. The station also produces Marc , which is presented by glam rock star Marc Bolan. The show was in production when Bolan was killed in a car crash in 1977. Granada produced Allsorts 1989-1995 for CITV, featuring Wayne Jackman, Andrew Wightman (who later produced the Granada talent show The stars at Their Eyes ), Virginia Radcliffe, Jane Cox and Julie Westwood.
Personality
Granada Television has introduced many broadcasters and figures to British television; has owned a number of directors, producers and writers who have formed their own production companies. Some have been recognized for their achievements on British television with praise like Knighthoods, while others reach senior positions such as the BBC's Director General. Jeremy Isaacs developed a significant part of Granada's factual program, and the company produced a generation of major English TV players including Lord Birt, then the BBC's Director-General, and Lord Macdonald, his producer's partner in Production World. Many began working as researchers at the World in Action.
- Author, director and producer John Birt, Baron Birt began his career in Granada in 1966 as a researcher for the World in Action before departing in 1971. He became Director-General of the BBC from 1992 to 2000.
- Presenter Sir Angel Parkinson started his television career at Granada Television.
Other businesses
Granada Studios Tour
The Granada Studios Tour opened in 1988 as an amusement park on Granada Studios Quay Street, around the television production. The park features a replica set of No. 10 Downing Street, and visitors are shown how television is produced. The main feature is the set of Coronation Street
G-Wizz
Some Granada programs manage their websites using G-Wizz, including This Morning , Coronation Street and Emmerdale . Flash-weights are largely unusable for customers, most of whom are still modem-based, and low-loaded. Less than a year after it opened, Granada closed the G-Wizz in March 2001, after which it cost the company £ 9 million. It combines the rest of its online presence with fellow ITV Carlton companies to launch itv.com.
Digital terrestrial platform
ONdigital
From 1997 to 2002, Granada and Carlton invested and lost more than  £ 1 billion with a joint venture into ONdigital, pay-TV, digital terrestrial broadcasters. ONdigital was renamed ITV Digital in the summer of 2001, but was opposed by SMG plc, UTV, and Channel Television, who felt it would undermine the ITV brand. ONdigital is expected to create a new revenue stream and be floated as a separate company but by March 1999 the service had only 110,000 subscribers, well below the 2 million Granada devoted to it. Granada and Carlton remain with the rebranding of ITV Digital services but this also did not work. Competition from Sky Digital launched in 1998 was too big and ITV Digital stopped broadcasting on May 1, 2002. It caused major cuts in the organization, including budget cuts for drama and production series and job loss at Manchester headquarters.
ITV Digital
In 1996 Granada joined BSkyB to form a joint venture, Granada Sky Broadcasting (GSB) provides content and new channels to the satellite platform. Granada launched a variety of television channels that broadcast the Granada archive on the Sky satellite television platform and other digital platforms such as ITV Digital that closed in 2002 because of administration, NTL and Telewest (which merged to form Virgin Media). The GSB operated as a joint venture until 2004 when ITV was formed. As a result, ITV bought 10% of BSkyB shares in the venture and launched ITV3 which replaced Granada Plus. GSB is given a new name ITV digital channels Ltd to reflect control of ITV plc.
Additional channels
Granada Plus
Granada Plus is a public entertainment channel, a 50-50 joint venture between Granada Television and British Sky Broadcasting, aimed at older viewers using archival material. The channel launched on October 1, 1996 as Granada Plus , later known as G Plus and finally Plus . It was broadcast until November 1, 2004, when ITV purchased BSkyB shares in GSB, and closed the channel, replaced it with ITV3, and took EPG Plus position in Sky Digital.
Men & amp; Motor
Men & amp; Motors is a male-oriented channel launched on the same day as Granada Plus, sharing Plus transponder space and broadcasting for three hours a day at the end of the night. In 2004, the channel became a full-time channel, broadcasting daytime motor programs and adult programming at the end of the night even though the adult program was discontinued when the channel became free in 2005. It lasted the longest of all channels, and Ran until 2010, when closed to make way for ITV HD. Most of the programs are transferred to ITV4.
Granada Breeze
Initially Granada Good Life , Granada Breeze is another GSB effort which was also launched on October 1, 1996. It is a lifestyle channel devoted to female viewers and shows US on-the-job, cooking, health and television programs such as Judge Joe Brown . It provides programs divided into themed sections called Granada Talk Television, Granada Food and Wine, Granada Health and Beauty, Granada Television High Street and Granada Home and Garden. Most performances are presented from a large conservatory studio outside Coronation Street studio which is then used for ITV Play programming during the day. Granada Breeze was deployed in July 2001 before it stopped operating in March 2002 due to poor vision.
More
Another channel, Wellbeing , a joint venture with Boots, was modeled on the Granada Breeze broadcast from The Leeds Studios, although Granada made several programs, closed in 2003.
Granada Talk TV focuses on chat events and closes after less than a year in the air.
Reception
Awards and awards
Granada Television has a reputation for strong production values. In 1999, Granada Television made the top eight ITV programs and the top 30% of UK ranking programs came from the studio and in 2005 supplied 63% of the original ITV production. It was the only ITA announcer made in 1954 that survived into the 21st century, and grew into a dominant player in the ITV network in 2000.
In 19 BAFTA Awards for Best Drama series given since 1992, Granada Television has won five total, Cracker twice in 1994 and 1995, Cold Feet in 2002 and The Street in 2007 and 2008 - more than any other production company.
Coronation Street became the oldest serial soap in 2010 while celebrating its 50th anniversary and the ongoing documentary series Seven Up was selected as the biggest documentary in the Channel 4 program by filmmakers.
Critics of Manchester-centric perceived bias
In three franchise rounds (1967, 1980, and 1991) three groups (Palatine Television, Merseyvision, and Mersey Television, where the last two were disconnected) each made a bold offer to get rid of Granada (and in 1967, ABC) from franchise, but to no avail, given Granada was honored (second only to the BBC). Opponents claimed the existing governing body at the time (ITA in 1967, IBA in 1981, and ITC in 1991) in successive franchising rounds that Granada was too centered on Manchester at the expense of the Liverpool area and necessary to serve throughout the Northwest England. They are supported by the fact that Granada Television is often referred to as "Granada Manchester " (not "Granada North West "), since most of the production was made in Manchester and in 2005 Granada and the Council The City of Manchester held a celebration recognizing the 50th anniversary of Granada cementing this perception further. In 1993, Brian Sedgemore MP complained that the promises made by Granada during the 1991 franchise round to open offices in Chester, Lancaster and Blackburn were not met, but David Liddiment in Granada did not believe this statement was true.
Granada had increased investment in Liverpool moving its regional news service to the Albert Dock complex in 1986, before moving back to Quay Street in the early 2000s.
The ITV network based the show today in Liverpool's Albert Dock for many years before moving to London Studios in 1996, as it is difficult to get celebrity guests to travel from London to Liverpool.
Criticism and controversy over World in Action and Night
The brave and violent television and documentary films in Granada produced a number of legal cases. David Plowright told junior researcher, Paul Greengrass, that Granada's role is to make trouble. World in Action is very loud but produces an expensive and defamatory court when false allegations were made in the 1990s.
In 1998 Granada paid 2 million pounds in two cases, to three Metropolitan Police officers accused of mistakenly covering murders and Marks and Spencer for alleging M & S knows one of its suppliers uses child labor. World in Action was fired in 1998 and replaced by the Tonight program in 1999 but also criticized, but this time, to turn it off like Tonight i > program is not too hard hit.
However, Tonight sometimes sparks controversy like its predecessor. An example is the 2003 documentary Living with Michael Jackson (a special night special). Its views resulted in the threat of legal action by Michael Jackson. The documentary gained a huge audience, 15 million in the UK, and the newspaper described Jackson in a negative light after the documentary. Jackson did not, in the end, take any case to court.
See also
- Media in Manchester
- ITV Studios - the production arm of Granada Television
- Granada plc - the parent company of Granada Television
References
Quotes
Bibliography
- Finch, John (2003). Granada Television: First Generation . Manchester: Manchester University Press. ISBNÃ, 0-7190-6515-1.
- Fitzwalter, Raymond (2008). Dreams Dying: The Rise and Fall of ITV . Matador. ISBN: 1-906221-83-9.
- Forman, Denis (1997). Persona Granada: The Memories of Sidney Bernstein and Early Years of Independent Television . Andre Deutsch. ISBN 978-0-233-98987-7.
- Briggs, Asa (1995). History of Broadcasting in the UK, vol. 5: Competition . Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-215964-9.
External links
- ITV Granada on itv.com
- ITV Granada on Ofcom
History
- 3SixtyMedia Granada Studios website
- Granada Television - The history of Granada, by the British Film Society.
- Granada Television - The early history of Granada TV and its founder, Sidney Bernstein.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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