Albuquerque, New Mexico

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Albuquerque ( Ã, ( listen ) AL -b? -kur-kee ; in Navajo Bee'eldÃÆ'ÃÆ'l Dahsinil , pronounced [pÃÆ'¨ :? ÃÆ'¨ltÃÆ': lt ?? xs ?? n ?? l] , Arawageeki in Keres; VakÃÆ'ªÃÆ'ªke at Jemez Towa; Go? gÃÆ'  © eki in Jicarilla Apache) is the most populous city in the state of New Mexico. The city serves as the administrative center of the Bernalillo District, and is located in the central northern part of the state, around the Rio Grande. The city's population is 558,545 as of July 1, 2017 Population estimate of the US Census Bureau, and ranks 32th as the largest city in the US The metropolitan area of ​​Albuquerque (or MSA) has a population of 909.906 according to the United States. The latest census of the US Census Bureau for 2016. Albuquerque is the 60th largest metropolitan area in the United States. The population of MSA Albuquerque includes the cities of Rio Rancho, Bernalillo, Placitas, Corrales, Los Lunas, Belen, Bosque Farms, and is part of the combined statistical area of ​​Albuquerque-Santa Fe-Las Vegas, with a total population of 1,171,991 per year. July 1, 2016, the Census Bureau estimates.

Albuquerque is home to the University of New Mexico (UNM), Kirtland Air Force Base, Sandia National Laboratory, National Museum of Nuclear Science & amp; History, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Central New Mexico Community College (CNM), Presbyterian Medical Services (PMS), Presbyterian Health Services, New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Albuquerque Biology Park, and Petroglyph National Monument. The Sandia Mountains run along the east side of Albuquerque, and the Rio Grande flows through the city, north to south. Albuquerque is also home to the International Balloon Fiesta, the largest collection of hot air balloons in the world from around the world. This event takes place during the month of October.

Video Albuquerque, New Mexico

Etymology

Albuquerque is named in honor of Francisco FernÃÆ'¡ndez de la Cueva, the 10th Prince of Alburquerque who was Viceroy of New Spain from 1702 to 1711. The developing village was named after the provincial governor Francisco Cuervo y Valdà ©. Duke's title refers to the city of Alburquerque, Spain, in the province of Badajoz, near the border with Portugal.

His name has two theories of origin, which denote Latin or Arabic roots. Under Latin theory, the name comes from albus quercus which means "white oak". The name may refer to the prevalence of oaks in the area, which has eucalyptus when bark is removed. Alburquerque is still the center of the Spanish cork industry, and the symbol cities have a white cork oak. Another theory suggests that the name is derived from the Arabic Abu al-Qurq , which means "the father of the cork [oak]".

The first "r" in Alburquerque was subsequently dropped, possibly due to links with the prominent Portuguese general Alfonso de Albuquerque, whose family title (among other things) and then the name derived from the present Spanish city, which was once the power of the Portuguese Kings and used the Portuguese spelling with its name. The change was also in part because residents found the real name difficult to pronounce.

Maps Albuquerque, New Mexico

History

The presence of Native Americans

Petroglyphs carved into basalt in the western part bear testimony of the city to the early presence of Native Americans in the area, now preserved in the Petroglyph National Monument.

The Tanoan and Keresan people had lived along the Rio Grande for centuries before the European settlers arrived at what is now Albuquerque. In the 1500s, there were about 20 Tiwa pueblos along a 97-mile (97 km) stretch of river from the present Algodones to the Puerco Rio meeting in southern Belen. Of this number, 12-13 are clustered near the current Bernalillo and the rest are scattered to the south.

Two Tiwa pueblos lie exclusively in the suburbs of today, both of which have been inhabited continuously for centuries: Sandia Pueblo, founded in the 14th century, and Pueblo in Isleta, whose written records back to the early 17th century, when selected as the location of the Mission of San AgustÃÆ'n de la Isleta, a Catholic mission.

The Navajo, Apache, and Comanche people also tend to set up camps in the Albuquerque area, as there is evidence of trade and cultural exchange between the various Native American groups centuries before the European conquest.

early European settlers

Albuquerque was founded in 1706 as the Spanish colonial post Villa de Alburquerque . Albuquerque currently retains much of its historical Spanish cultural heritage.

Albuquerque is an agricultural community and a strategic military outpost along Camino Real. The city is also a sheep grazing center in the West. Spain formed a presidio (military garrison) in Albuquerque in 1706. After 1821, Mexico also had a military garrison there. The town of Alburquerque is built in a traditional Spanish village pattern: a central plaza surrounded by government buildings, houses, and churches. This central plaza area has been preserved and is open to the public as a museum, cultural area, and commercial center. It's called the "Old Town of Albuquerque" or simply "Old Town." Historically sometimes referred to as "La Placita" ( small plaza in Spanish). On the north side of the Old Town Plaza is the Church of San Felipe de Neri. Built in 1793, this is one of the oldest buildings still surviving in the city.

After the American occupation of New Mexico, Albuquerque had a federal garrison and a quartermaster depot, the Post of Albuquerque, from 1846 to 1867. During the Albuquerque Civil War was occupied in February 1862 by the Confederate forces under General Henry Hopkins Sibley, who soon afterwards advanced with the body mainly north of New Mexico. During his resignation from Union forces to Texas, he made his stance on April 8, 1862, in Albuquerque and fought against the Battle of Albuquerque against the detachment of Union soldiers commanded by Colonel Edward R. S. Canby. This long-term involvement of long-distance causes some victims.

When Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad arrived in 1880, he passed the Plaza, found a passenger depot and restaards about 2 miles (3 km) east of what became known as New Albuquerque or New Town.. The railway company built a hospital for its workers who later became a youth psychiatric facility and has now been converted into a hotel. Many Anglo traders, mountain men, and settlers are slowly filtered into Albuquerque creating the main commercial commerce center that is now the Downtown Albuquerque. Due to the increasing level of violent crime, gunman Milt Yarberry was named the city's first marshal that year. Albuquerque was first established as a city in 1885, with Henry N. Jaffa its first mayor, and was established as a city in 1891. The Old City remained a separate community until 1920 when the city was absorbed by the city of Albuquerque. Old Albuquerque High School, the city's first junior high school, was founded in 1879. The Albert Congregation, a Reform synagogue founded in 1897, is the oldest Jewish organization in the city.

The beginning of the 20th century

In 1900, Albuquerque boasted a population of 8,000 and all modern facilities, including an electric railway connecting the Old City, New Town, and the newly established University of New Mexico campus in East Mesa. In 1902, the famous Alvarado Hotel was built adjacent to a new passenger depot, and it remained a symbol of the city until it was demolished in 1970 to make room for parking lots. In 2002, Alvarado Transportation Center was built on the site in a way resembling an old landmark. The large metro station serves as the downtown headquarters for the city transit department. It also serves as an intermodal hub for local buses, Greyhound buses, Amtrak passenger trains, and Rail Runner rail tracks.

The dry climate of New Mexico brought many tuberculosis patients into the city to search for drugs in the early 20th century, and several sanitaria have sprung up in Mesa West to serve them. Presbyterian Hospital and St. Hospital Joseph, the two largest hospitals in the Southwest, had their beginnings during this period. The Governor of New Deal-influential era Clyde Tingley and the famous Southwest architect John Gaw Meem were among those brought to New Mexico by tuberculosis.

The decade of growth

The first travelers on Route 66 appeared in Albuquerque in 1926, and soon, dozens of motels, restaurants and souvenir shops sprang up along the sidewalk to serve them. Route 66 originally walked through the city on a north-south alignment along Fourth Street, but in 1937 it was reorganized on Central Avenue, a more direct east-west route. The intersection of downtown Fourth and Central is the main junction of the city for decades. The majority of the surviving structures of the Route 66 era are in Central, although there are also some at Fourth. The signs between Bernalillo and Los Lunas along the old route now have a brown history marker of the road, which shows it as Routes Pre-1937 66.

Establishment of Kirtland Air Force Base in 1939, Sandia Base in the early 1940s, and Sandia National Laboratory in 1949, will make Albuquerque a key player of the Atomic Age. Meanwhile, the city continued to expand out into Northeast Heights, reaching a population of 201,189 in 1960. In 1990, it was 384,736 and in 2007 it was 518,271. In June 2007, Albuquerque was listed as the sixth fastest city in America. In 1990, the Census Bureau reported the Albuquerque population as 34.5% Hispanic and 58.3% non-Hispanic whites.

Downtown Albuquerque enters the same phases and developments (setbacks, "urban renewal" with continuous deterioration, and gentrification) because almost every city is across the United States. As Albuquerque spread outward, the downtown area fell to a decline. Many historic buildings were destroyed in the 1960s and 1970s to pave the way for new plazas, multi-storey buildings, and parking lots as part of the urban renewal phase of the city. In 2010, only recently the city center regained most of its urban character, mainly through the building of many new apartment buildings and the renovation of historic structures such as KiMo Theater, in the gentrification phase.

New millennium

During the 21st century, Albuquerque populations continued to grow rapidly. The exact city population is estimated at 528,497 in 2009, up from 448,607 in the 2000 census. During 2005 and 2006, the city celebrated tricentennials with various cultural events.

Urban trends and issues

Part of the planned Growth Strategy in 2002-2004 was the community's strongest effort to create a framework for a more balanced and sustainable approach to urban growth.

An important finding of this research is that many of the 'disconnected' between public preference and what actually happens are caused by weak or absent implementation tools - not by inadequate policies, as contained in the City/District Comprehensive Plan and other laws which has been adopted.

The expansion of the city is limited to three sides - by Sandia Pueblo to the north, Isleta Pueblo and Kirtland Air Force Base in the south, and the Sandia Mountains to the east. Suburban growth continues at a steady pace to the west, beyond the Petroglyph National Monument, once considered a natural boundary for broad development.

Due to cheaper soil and lower taxes, much of the growth in metropolitan areas occurred outside of Albuquerque itself. At Rio Rancho in the northwest, communities in the eastern mountains, and parts incorporated in Valencian County, the population growth rate is nearly twice that of Albuquerque. Major cities in Valencian County are Los Lunas and Belen, both of which are home to a growing industrial complex and new housing subdivisions. The Tijeras, Edgewood, and Moriarty mountain towns, while close enough to Albuquerque to be considered suburbs, have experienced less growth compared to Rio Rancho, Bernalillo, Los Lunas, and Belen. Limited water supply and harsh terrain are major limiting factors for development in these cities. The Mid-District Governing Council (MRCOG), which includes constituents from across the Albuquerque region, was formed to ensure that these governments along the central Rio Grande will be able to meet the needs of their rapidly increasing population. The current MRCOG grounding project is the New Mexico Rail Runner Express. In October 2013, "Albuquerque Journal" reported Albuquerque as the third best city to own investment property.

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Geography

According to the US Census Bureau, Albuquerque has a total area of ​​189.5 square miles (490.9 km ² ), where 187.7 square miles (486, 2 km) ² ) is land and 1.8 square miles (4.7 km ² ) , or 0.96 %, is water.

Albuquerque is located in the northern part, the upper boundary of the Chihuahuan Desert Ecoregion, based on long-term patterns of climate, plant and wildlife associations, and landscapes, including drainage patterns. Located in the center of New Mexico, the city also has a noticeable influence from the semi-desert Colorado Plateau plateau, the Arizona-New Mexico Mountains, and the plateau and highlands of the meadow, depending on where a person is located. Its main geographical connection is located in southern New Mexico, while culturally, Albuquerque is a major crossroads of New Mexico.

Albuquerque has one of the highest elevations of any major city in the United States, although the effect of this is strongly influenced by the position of the southwestern continent. The altitude of the city ranges from 4,900 feet (1,490 m) above sea level near Rio Grande (in the Valley) to over 6,700 feet (1,950 m) in the Sandia Heights hills and Glenwood Hills. At the airport, the altitude is 5,352 feet (1,631 m) above sea level.

The Rio Grande is classified, like the Nile, as an "exotic" river as it flows through the desert. The New Mexico Rio Grande section is located within the Rio Grande Rift Valley, capped by a caesarean system, which includes lifting the nearby Sandia and Manzano Mountains, lowering the area where the lively Rio Grande is now flowing.

Geology

Albuquerque is located in the Albuquerque Basin, partly from the Rio Grande Pass. The Sandia Mountains are the main geographic feature seen in Albuquerque. "Sanda" is Spanish for "watermelon", and is popularly believed to be a reference to the brilliant colors of the mountains at sunset: bright pink (melon meat) and green (melon skin). The pink color is due to the large exposure of granodiorite cliffs, and green is due to the large swath of conifer forest. However, Robert Julyan noted in The Place Names of New Mexico, "the most likely explanation is that of Indian Sandia Pueblo: the Spaniards, when they met Pueblo in 1540, called it Sandia, because they think the pumpkin that grows there is a watermelon, and the name Sandia is immediately moved to the mountains east of the pueblo. "He also notes that the Sandia Pueblo Indians call Mount Bien Mur, a great mountain.

The Sandia hillside, on the western side of the mountains, has the same rock-derived soil with various decomposing granite sizes, mixed with clay and caliche (a common calcium carbonate deposit in the dry southwest United States), along with some open granite bedrock.

Below the foot of the hill, the area usually called "Northeast Heights" consists of a mixture of clay and caliche soil, coated with a decomposing granite layer, produced from long-term residual material from the material from adjacent mountains. This Bajada is quite visible when driving to Albuquerque from the north or south, due to its fairly uniform slope from the slopes to the valley. The dunes are scattered along the I-25 corridor and just above the Rio Grande Valley, forming the lower end of the Heights.

The Rio Grande Valley, due to the long-term shift of the actual river channel, contains layers and areas of land that vary between caliche, clay, clay, and even some sand. It is the only part of Albuquerque where surface water is often located near the surface, sometimes less than 10 feet (3.0 m).

The last significant area in Albuquerque is geologically West Mesa: it is a plateau west of the Rio Grande, including "West Bluff", a sandy porch located on the west and above the river, and steeply steeper cliffs above and west of partially big city advanced. Western Mesa generally has the soil often referred to as "blow sand", along with clay and caliche occasionally and even basalt, near the steep slopes.

Landscape

Climate

Albuquerque has a cold, semi-arid climate ( BSk in the KÃÆ'¶ppen climate classification). Albuquerque is at the northern end of the Chihuahuan Desert, near the edge of the Colorado Plateau. Average annual rainfall is less than half the evaporation, and there is no monthly average below freezing.

Albuquerque climate is usually sunny and dry, with an average of 3,415 hours of sunshine per year. The bright sun defines the region, averaging 278 days a year; periods of middle and high clouds vary anger of the sun at a later time. The long turbidity is rare. The city has four distinct seasons.

Winter consists of cold/cold days and cold nights. December, the coolest month, averaging 36.3 Â ° F (2.4 Â ° C), although the lowest temperature at the bottom in January, and the year's coldest temperature is usually around 10 Â ° F (-12 Â ° C ). Almost every night in December, January, and February will be below freezing.

Spring is windy, sometimes uneasy with rain, although spring is usually the driest part of the year in Albuquerque. March and April tend to see several days with winds blowing at 20 to 30 mph (32 to 48 km/h), and the afternoon gusts can produce periods of blowing of sand and dust. In May, the wind tends to subside.

Summer heat is relatively tolerable for the most part due to low humidity, except for a few days during the North American rainy season. There are 2.7 days of 100Ã, Â ° F (38Ã, Â ° C) highs every year, mostly in June and July and rarely in August due in part to the rainy season; average 60 days see the highest 90 ° F (32 ° C).

Falling saw less rain than summer, although the weather could be quieter near winter.

Albuquerque averages about 9 inches of snow per winter, and experiences some snow events that increase each season. Locations in Northeast Heights and Eastern Foothills tend to receive more snow due to the altitude and proximity of each of the higher areas to the mountains. The city is one of the few in the region that experienced severe winter storms on December 28-30, 2006, with locations in Albuquerque receiving snow between 10.5 and 26 inches (27 and 66 cm). Recently, a major winter storm in late February 2015 fell to foot (30 cm) of snow in most cities.

Mountains and highlands outside the city create a rain-shadow effect, because the air dries up the mountains; cities typically receive very little rain or snow, averaging 8-9Ã, inch (216 mm) of rainfall per year. The valleys and western mesa regions, farther away from the drier mountains, averaged 6-8Ã, inch of annual rainfall; Sandia hill legs tend to lift available moisture, increasing rainfall by about 10-17 inches each year.

Traveling west, north and east of Albuquerque, one quickly rises in height and leaves the valley protection effect to enter a colder and slightly wetter environment. One such area is still considered part of the Albuquerque metro, commonly called the "East Mountain" area; it's covered in savanna or juniper forests low and piÃÆ' in the tree, reminiscent of the bottom of the southern Rocky Mountains, which does not actually contact the proper Albuquerque. Most rain occurs during the summer monsoon season (also called chubasco in Mexico), usually starting in early July and ending in mid-September.

Hydrology

The current drinking water of Albuquerque comes from a combination of Rio Grande water (river water flowed from the Colorado River valley through the San Juan-Chama Project) and a delicate aquifer once described as "Superior Underground Lake". The Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority (ABCWUA) has developed a water resources management strategy, which seeks conservation and direct water retrieval from the Rio Grande for the development of a stable underground aquifer in the future.

The aquifers of Rio Puerco are too salt to be used effectively for drinking purposes. Much of the rain received Albuquerque does not recharge its aquifer. It is diverted through a network of asphalt and arroyo channels, and emptied into the Rio Grande.

From 62,780 acre feet (77,440,000 m ³ ) per year from water in the upper Colorado River valley reserved for municipalities in New Mexico by the Upper Colorado River Basin Compact, Albuquerque has 48,200. Water was delivered to the Rio Grande by the San Juan-Chama Project. The construction of the project was initiated by law passed by President John F. Kennedy in 1962, and was completed in 1971. This diversion project carried water below the continental line from Lake Navajo to Heron Lake in Rio Chama, the Rio Grande tributary. In the past much of this water was sold back to downstream owners in Texas. This arrangement ended in 2008 with the completion of the ABCWUA Drinking Water Supply Project.

The ABCWUA Drinking Water Supply Project uses an adjustable high dam system to filter water from the Rio Grande to ditches that lead to a water treatment facility for direct conversion to drinking water. Some water is allowed to flow through the center of Albuquerque, mostly to protect the endangered Rio Grande Silvery Minnow. The processed waste water is recycled to the Rio Grande just south of the city. ABCWUA expects the river water to be made up to seventy percent of its water budget by 2060. Ground water will be the remainder. One of ABCWUA's strategy policies is the acquisition of additional river water.

Quadrant

Albuquerque is geographically divided into four quadrants that are formally part of a mailing address. They are NE (northeast), NW (northwest), SE (southeast), and SW (west power). The north-south dividing line is Central Avenue (the route Route 66 takes through the city) and the east-west dividing line is the Rail Runner rail.

Northeast Quadrant

This quadrant has undergone a housing expansion since the late 1950s. It borders the Sandia Mountains base and contains sections of the hilly neighborhood, which are significantly higher, in elevation and price ranges, than the rest of the city. Running from Central Avenue and the railway to Sandia High Tram, this is the largest quadrant both geographically and by population. University of New Mexico, Maxwell Museum of Anthropology, Nob Hill, Uptown area that includes two shopping centers (Coronado Center and ABQ Uptown), Hoffmantown, Journal Center and Balloon Fiesta Park are all located in this quadrant.

Some of the most prosperous neighborhoods in the city are located here, including: High Desert, Tanoan, Sandia Heights, and North Albuquerque Acres. (Parts of Sandia Heights and North Albuquerque Acres are outside the proper city limits). Some homes within the furthest reach of this quadrant are in the Cibola National Forest, just above the line to Sandoval County.

Northwest Quadrant

This quadrant contains the historic Old Town of Albuquerque, dating from the 18th century, as well as the Pueblo Indian Cultural Center. This area has a mix of commercial and environmental districts with low to medium income. Northwest Albuquerque includes the largest part of the city center, Rio Grande State Park and Bosque ("jungle") National Park, Petroglyph National Monument, Double Eagle II Airport, Martineztown, Paradise Hills neighborhood, Taylor Ranch and Cottonwood Mall.

In addition, the settlement of the North Valley, outside the city limits, which has several expensive homes and small farms along the Rio Grande, is located here. The city of Albuquerque includes the village of Los Ranchos de Albuquerque. A small portion of the rapidly growing area on the western side of the river south of the Petroglyphs, known as "West Mesa" or "Westside", which consists primarily of traditional housing subdivisions, also extends to this quadrant. The exact town is bordered to the north by the North Valley, the village of Corrales, and the city of Rio Rancho.

Southeast Quadrant

Kirtland Air Force Base, Sandia National Laboratories, Sandia Science & amp; Technology Park, Albuquerque International Sunport, Eclipse Aerospace, American Society of Radiologic Technologists, Central New Mexico Community College, Albuquerque Veloport, University Stadium, Isotope Park, Pit, Mesa del Sol, Pavilions, Albuquerque Studios, Isleta Resort & Casino, National Museum of Nuclear Science & amp; History, New Mexico Veterans Monument, and Talin Market are all located in the Southeast quadrant (SE).

The upscale Four Hills neighborhood is located in the foothills of Southeastern Albuquerque. Other environments include Nob Hill, Ridgecrest, Willow Wood, and Volterra.

Southwest Quadrant

Traditionally comprised of agricultural and rural areas and suburban environments, the Southwest quadrant comprises the southern tip of downtown Albuquerque, the Barelas neighborhood, the rapidly growing west side, and the South Valley community of New Mexico, often referred to as "The South Valley". Although the border of Albuquerque does not include the Southern Valley, the quadrant extends to the Isleta Indian Reservation. The newer suburban subdivisions in West Mesa near the city limits of the southwest join the older construction houses, some dating from the 1940s. These quadrants include the old community of Atrisco, Los Padillas, Huning Castle, Kinney, Westgate, Westside, Alamosa, Mountainview, and Pajarito. Bosque ("forest"), National Hispanic Cultural Center, Rio Grande Zoo, and Tingley Beach are also located here.

The new development plan adopted, the Master Plan Santolina, will expand development on the west side passing 118th Street SW to the edge of the Rio Puerco Valley, and 100,000 homes by 2050. It is unclear at this point whether the Santolina development will be annexed to Albuquerque City or put in city ​​itself when its development did occur.

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Demographics

At the 2010 US census, there were 545,852 people, 239,166 households, and 224,330 families living in the city. Population density is 3010.7/miÃ,² (1162.6/km²). There are 239,166 residential units with an average density of 1,556.7 per square mile (538.2/km ²).

City's racial makeup is:

• 69.7% White (Non-Hispanic White 42.1%)
• 4.6% Native Americans
• 3.3% Black or African American
• 2.6% Asia
• 0.1% Original Hawaiian and Pacific Island Others
• 4.6% Multiracial ( two or more races )

The urban ethnic makeup is:

• 46.7% of the population is Hispanic or Latino ( any race )

There are 239,116 households where 33.3% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.6% are married couples living together, 12.9% have unmarried female households present, and 38.5% is non-family. 30.5% of all households are made up of individuals and 8.4% have someone living alone 65 or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 3.02.

Distribution ages 24.5% below 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 30.9% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 12.0% aged 65 years or older. The average age is 35 years. For every 100 women, there are 94.4 men. For every 100 women age 18 and over, there are 91.8 men.

The average income for households in the city is $ 38,272, and the average income for families is $ 46,979. Men have an average income of $ 34,208 compared to $ 26,397 for women. The per capita income for the city is $ 20,884. About 10.0% of families and 13.5% of the population are below the poverty line, including 17.4% of those under the age of 18 and 8.5% of those aged 65 and older.

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Art and culture

One of the major art events in the state is the summer New Mexico Arts and Crafts Fair, a non-profit exhibition exclusively for New Mexico artists and is held annually in Albuquerque since 1961. Albuquerque is home to more than 300 other visual, music and dance arts. , literary, film, ethnic, and craft organizations, museums, festivals and associations.

Destination

Several local museums, galleries, shops and other points of interest include Albuquerque Biological Park, Albuquerque Museum, Museum of Natural History and Science, and Albuquerque Old Town. Albuquerque music/show venues include; Isleta Amphitheater, Tingley Coliseum, Sunshine Theater, and KiMo Theater.

Local cuisine clearly serves green peppers, which are widely available in restaurants, including national fast food chains. The Albuquerque restaurant scene is quite prominent throughout the city, and local restaurants receive state-of-the-art attention, in addition to some of them being statewide chains.

The Sandia Peak Tramway, located next to Albuquerque, is the second longest air passenger tram line in the world. It also has the third longest single range in the world. It stretches from the northeastern edge of the city to the top of Mount Sandia. The altitude at the top of the tram is approximately 10,300 feet (3,100 m). above the sea level.

International Balloon Fiesta

The Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta is an event that takes place at Balloon Fiesta Park in the first week of October. The Balloon Fiesta is one of Albuquerque's biggest attractions. Hundreds of hot air balloons can be seen every day. In addition to balloons, there is live music, arts and crafts, and food.

Architecture

John Gaw Meem, is credited with developing and popularizing the Pueblo Revival style, based in Santa Fe but receiving an important Albuquerque commission in 1933 as an architect of the University of New Mexico. He retained this commission for the next quarter century and developed the typical Southwest style of the university. Meem also designed the Cathedral Church of St. John in 1950.

Albuquerque offers unique city views. Many of the building's exteriors are illuminated with bright colors like green and blue. The Wells Fargo Building is lit up in green. The DoubleTree Hotel and the Blue Compass Bank building. The state court yard rotunda is lit yellow, while the tops of Bank of Albuquerque and Bank of the West are illuminated in reddish yellow. Due to the nature of the land in the Rio Grande Valley, the horizon is lower than expected in cities of comparable size elsewhere.

Albuquerque has grown rapidly in this area since the mid-1940s. During those years of expansion, the planning of newer areas is considered that people drive rather than walk. The pre-1940s section of Albuquerque is very different in style and scale from the post-1940s region. These older areas include the North Valley, the South Valley, the various neighborhoods near downtown, and Corrales. Newer areas generally have four to six lanes of road in the 1mà grid (1.61 km) . Each 1 square mile (2.59Ã,²Ã,²) is divided into four 160 acres (0.65 km ² ) environment by a smaller path set 0 , 5 miles (0.8 km) between major roads. While driving along the main street in the new section of Albuquerque, one sees strip malls, signs, and cinderblock walls. The positive side of this planning style is that the environment is protected from the worst noise and lights on the main streets. The downside is that it is almost impossible to go anywhere from home without driving.

Tallest building

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Sports

The Albuquerque Isotope is a minor league affiliate of the Colorado Rockies, having gained their name from episode 12 "Hungry, Hungry Homer", which involves the Springfield Isotop baseball team that is considering moving to Albuquerque. Prior to 2002, Albuquerque Dukes served as a minor league team of the city, having played at the Albuquerque Sports Stadium. The stadium was demolished to make room for the current Isotopic Park.

Albuquerque Sol soccer clubs start playing in United Soccer League in 2014. Albuquerque is also home to Jackson-Winkeljohn gym, a mixed martial arts center (MMA). Several world champions and MMA fighters, including Holly Holm and Jon Jones, trained at the facility. Sports rollers find homes in Albuquerque as they host the USARS Championship in 2015, and are home to Roller hockey, and the Roller Derby team.

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Parks and recreation

According to the Trust for Public Land, Albuquerque has 291 public parks by 2017, most of which are managed by Park City and Recreation Department. The total number of parks is 42.9 square miles (111a, km ² ), or about 23% of the city's total - one of the highest percentages among major cities in the US About 82% of the city's population live within walking distance of the park.

Albuquerque has a botanical and zoological complex called the Albuquerque Biological Park, comprising the Rio Grande Botanical Garden, the Albuquerque Aquarium, the Tingley Beach and the Rio Grande Zoo.

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Government

Albuquerque is a charter city. The municipality is divided into an executive branch, headed by the Mayor and Council of nine members who hold the legislative authority. The form of city government is the mayor's government. The mayor is Tim Keller's former state auditor and senator, who was elected in 2017.

The Mayor of Albuquerque holds a full-time elected position with a term of four years. Members of the City Council of Albuquerque hold a part-time position paid and elected from nine districts for a period of four years, with four or five Board Members elected every two years. Selection of Mayors and Board Members is nonpartisan. Every December, a new President of the Council and Vice President is elected by Council members. Every year, the Mayor submits the city budget proposal for the year to the Board on April 1, and the Council acts on the proposal within the next 60 days.

The City Council of Albuquerque is the city's legislative authority, and has the power to adopt all other ordinances, resolutions, or laws. The Council meets twice a month, with meetings held in the Boardroom of Vincent E. Griego at the underground level of the Albuquerque/Bernalillo County Government Center. Procedures and resolutions adopted by the Council shall be submitted to the Mayor for approval. If the Mayor strikes one item, the Council may override the veto by a two-thirds vote of Board membership.

The judiciary system in Albuquerque includes the Metropolitan Bernalillo Court.

Police Department

The Albuquerque Police Department (APD) is a police department with jurisdiction within city limits, with anything outside the city limits considered an unrelated area of ​​Bernalillo County and overseen by the Sheral Department of Bernalillo County. This is the largest city police department in New Mexico, and in September 2008 the US Justice Department noted the APD as the 49th largest police department in the United States.

In November 2012, the US Department of Justice launched an investigation into the policies and practices of APD to determine whether APD was involved in patterns or practices of excessive force usage that violated the Fourth Amendment and the Oversight of Violent Crime and Law Enforcement Act 1994, 42 USC Ã, § 14141 ("Section 14141"). As part of its investigation, the Justice Department consults with police practice experts and conducts a comprehensive assessment of troop force usage and PPD policies and operations. Investigations include tours of APD facilities and Area Commands; interviews with Albuquerque officials, APD command staff, supervisors and police officers; review of various documents; and meetings with the Albuquerque Police Officers' Association, residents, community groups, and other stakeholders. When the Justice Department concluded its investigation, he issued a scathing report revealing a "culture of excessive use of force" which involved significant harm or injury by APD officers against non-threatening and unwarranted persons.. DOJ recommends a nearly comprehensive overhaul of the department's use force policy. Among some of the systematic problems in PPE is an aggressive culture that undermines civil security and ignores the importance of crisis intervention.

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Economy

Albuquerque is located in the center of New Mexico's Technology Corridor, a concentration of high-tech private companies and government agencies along the Rio Grande. Larger institutions whose employees contribute to the population are numerous and include Sandia National Laboratories, Kirtland Air Force Base, and contractor companies that bring highly educated workers to somewhat isolated areas. Intel operates a large or "terrific" semiconductor factory on the outskirts of Rio Rancho, in adjacent Sandoval District, with a large capital investment attached to it. Northrop Grumman is located along I-25 in northeastern Albuquerque, and Tempur-Pedic is located in West Mesa next to I-40.

Solar power and architectural design innovator Steve Baer put his company, Zomeworks, into the region in the late 1960s; and the Los Alamos National Laboratory, Sandia, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory work together here at a company beginning with the Manhattan Project. In January 2007, Tempur-Pedic opened a 800,000 square foot (74,000 m ² ) mattress plant in northwestern Albuquerque. SCHOTT Solar, Inc., announced in January 2008 that it will open a 200,000 square foot facility facility (19,000 m ² ) for concentrated solar thermal power (CSP) and 64 MW photovoltaic (PV). ) module. This facility is closed in 2012.

Forbes magazine ranked Albuquerque as America's finest city for business and career in 2006 and the 13th best (out of 200 metro areas) in 2008. It is ranked seventh among the Technical Chapels America in 2014 by Forbes magazine . Albuquerque ranks among the Top 10 Cities to Manage by US News & amp; World Report in 2009 and is recognized as the fourth best place to live for families by the TLC network. It is ranked among the Best Cities for the Works in 2007 and among the 50 Best Places to Live and Play by National Geographic Adventure magazine.

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Education

Albuquerque is home to the University of New Mexico, the largest public university in the state. UNM includes School of Medicine which ranks in the top 50 primary care-oriented medical schools in the country. Central New Mexico Community College is a college-funded junior college that caters to high school graduates and returning adults to school.

Albuquerque is also home to the following programs and non-profit schools of higher education: University of Western Visual Arts, Indian Institute of Southwestern Polytechnic, Southwest University of Trinity, St. University of the United States. Francis College of Nursing and Allied Health Department of Physician Assistant Studies, and the Master of Theological Studies St. Program. Norbert College. The Ayurvedic Institute, one of the first Ayurveda colleges specializing in Ayurvedic treatments outside India was established in the city in 1984. Other institutions that are not higher-learning nonprofits have moved some of their programs into Albuquerque. These include: State University of New Mexico, University of the Plateau, Lewis University, Wayland Baptist University, and Webster University. Some nonprofit technical schools including Brookline College, Pima Medical Institute, National American University, Grand Canyon University, the University of Phoenix and several beauty/college salons have established their presence in the area.

Albuquerque Public Schools (APS), one of the largest school districts in the country, provides educational services to nearly 100,000 children across the city. Schools in APS include public entities and charter. Many accredited private preparatory schools also serve Albuquerque students. These include various pre-college affiliations (Christianity, Judaism, Islam) and Montessori schools, as well as the Menaul School, Albuquerque Academy, St. Pius X High School, Sandia Preparation School, Bosque School, Evangel Christian College, Christian Hope School, Hope School, Lutheran Shepherd School, Baptist Temple Academy, and Christian Victory. Accredited private schools that serve students with special education needs in Albuquerque include: Desert Hills, Pathways Academy, and Presbyterian Ear Institute Oral School. The New Mexico School for the Deaf runs preschool for children with hearing impairment in Albuquerque.

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Infrastructure

Transportation

Main highway

Some major highways in the metro area include:

• Pan-American Expressway: Better known as Interstate 25 or "I-25", it is the main north-south highway on the eastern side of the city of Rio Grande. It is also a major north-south highway in the state (connecting Albuquerque with Santa Fe and Las Cruces) and a reasonable route from the famous Pan American Highway. Since Route 66 was closed in the 1980s, the only US highway left in Albuquerque, unnamed US-85, shares its alignment with the I-25. US-550 is split northwest from I-25/US-85 at Bernalillo.
• Coronado Freeway: Better known as Interstate 40 or "I-40", it is the main east-west traffic artery of cities and important transcontinental routes. The name of the city's highway refers to the conquistador and the 16th-century explorer Francisco VÃÆ'¡squez de Coronado.
• Paseo del Norte: (aka State Highway 423): This six-lane access control trail is about five miles north of Interstate 40. It operates from Tramway Blvd (at the Sandia Mountain base) to Interstate 25, via Los Ranchos de Albuquerque, across the Rio Grande River to North Coors Boulevard. Paseo Del Norte then continues west through the Petroglyph National Monument until it reaches Atrisco Vista Blvd and Double Eagle II Airport. Exchange with Interstate 25 is reconstructed in 2014 to increase traffic flow.
• Coors Boulevard: Coors is the main north-south artery west of the Rio Grande in Albuquerque. There is one full exchange where it connects with Interstate 40; The rest of the route has a traffic light. Interstate 25 underpass does not have access to Coors. The sections of the highway have sidewalks, bicycle paths, and median, but most of them only have ground shoulders and a central turning point. To the north of Interstate 40, part of the route is numbered as State Highway 448, while in the south, part of the route is numbered as State Highway 45.
Rio Bravo Boulevard: The main river that crosses between Westside Albuquerque and Sunport, Rio Bravo is a four-lane highway stretching from University Boulevard in the east, past South Valley, to Coors Boulevard to the west where it is adjacent to Dennis Chaves Blvd. It follows the NM-500 for the entire route.
• Central Avenue: Central is one of Route 66's historical routes, no longer a major road, its usefulness has been replaced by Interstate 40.
• Alameda Boulevard: The main road between Rio Rancho and Northern Albuquerque, Alameda Blvd. extending from Tramway Rd. to Coors. Blvd. This route is designated as the eastern part of NM-528.
• Tramway Boulevard: Serves as a bypass around the northeastern quadrant, this route is designated as NM-556. Tramway Boulevard starts at I-25 near Sandia Pueblo, and heads east as a two-lane road. Turn south near the base of the Sandia Peak Tramway and turn into a highway that separates the highway to the end near I-40 and Central Avenue at the west entrance to Tijeras Canyon.

The exchange between I-40 and I-25 is known as "Big I". Originally built in 1966, it was rebuilt in 2002. Big I is the only batch of five-tiered stacks in the state of New Mexico.

Bridge

There are six road bridges that cross the Rio Grande and serve the municipality at least one end if not both. The eastern approach of the northernmost three all passes through adjacent adjacent areas, the village of Los Ranchos de Albuquerque, or the North Valley. In their downstream order are:

• Alameda Bridge
• Paseo del Norte Bridge
• MontaÃÆ' Â ± o Bridge
• I-40 Bridge
• Center on the Old City Bridge
• Barelas Bridge

Two bridges serve urban areas adjacent to the southern border of a hollow city.

• Rio Bravo Bridge (NM-500)
• Bridge I-25 (near Isleta Pueblo)

Rail

The state owns most of the city's rail infrastructure used by commuter rail systems, long-distance passenger trains, and freight trains from the BNSF Railway.

Delivery service

BNSF Railway operates a small page operation of the Abajo page, located just south of Cesar E. Chavez Ave. flyovers and New Mexico Rail Runner Express. Much of the delivery traffic through the Central New Mexico region is processed through a much larger hub in Belen, New Mexico.

Intercity train

Amtrak's Southwest Chief, which travels between Chicago and Los Angeles, serves the Albuquerque area daily with one stop in every direction at the downtown Alvarado Transport Center.

Rail commuting

The New Mexico Rail Runner Express, commuter train line, started service between Sandoval County and Albuquerque in July 2006 using existing BNSF road rights purchased by New Mexico in 2005. The service expanded to Valencian County in December 2006 and to Santa Fe on December 17, 2008. Rail Runner now connects Santa Fe, Sandoval, Bernalillo and Valencian County with thirteen station stops, including three stops in Albuquerque. The train connects Albuquerque to downtown Santa Fe with eight round trips per weekday. Parts of the line that lead south to Belen are rarely served.

Local bulk transport

Albuquerque is one of two cities in New Mexico that has an electric railway line. The horse-drawn tramway of Albuquerque is electrified during the first few years of the 20th century. The Albuquerque Traction Company assumed a system operation in 1905. The system grew to a maximum length of 6 miles (9.7 km) over the next ten years by linking destinations such as Old Town to the west and the University of New Mexico in east of the city center near the former Atchison, Topeka & amp; Depot Santa Fe Railway. The Albuquerque Traction Company failed financially in 1915 and a company called Municipal Electric Company was formed. Despite the surge of traffic during the first world war, and without the help of lawsuits that tried to force tram companies to pay for paving, the system also failed in the future in 1927, thus making "motorcyclists" unemployed.

Today, Alvarado Station provides easy access to other parts of the city via the city bus system, ABQ RIDE. ABQ RIDE operates various bus routes, including the Rapid Ride express bus service.

In 2006, Albuquerque City under the leadership of Martin Chavez had planned and sought to "accelerate" the development of the Modern Streetcar project. Funding for the US $ 270 million system was not resolved as many citizens oppose the project. The city and its transit department maintain a policy commitment to the tram project. The project is mostly run in the southeast quadrant on Central Avenue and Yale Boulevard.

In 2011, the city is working on a study to develop a bus rapid transit system through Central Ave. corridor. The corridor carries 44% of all bus passengers in the ABQ Ride system, making it a natural starting point for service upgrades. In 2017, the city moves forward with the plan, and begins construction on the Albuquerque Rapid Transit, or ART, including a dedicated bus line between Coors and Louisiana Boulevards.

Transit bikes

Albuquerque has a well-developed bicycle network. In and around the city there are lanes, bike routes, and lanes that provide residents and visitors with an alternative to motorized travel. In 2009, the city was reviewed as having a great bike scene and coming across North America. In the same year, Albuquerque City opened its first bike Boulevard on Silver Avenue. There are plans for more investment in bikes and bikes transit by city, including bicycle lending program, in the coming years.

Walkability

A 2011 study by Walk Score puts Albuquerque below the average on the 28th most easily lived in the fifty largest cities in the US.

Airport

Albuquerque is served by two airports, the larger is Albuquerque International Sunport. Located 3 km (5 km) southeast of downtown Albuquerque business district. The Albuquerque International Sunport serves 5,888,811 passengers in 2009. Double Eagle II Airport is another airport. It is mainly used as air ambulance, corporate aviation, military aviation, aviation training, charter flights, and private flight facilities.

Utilities

Energy

PNM Resources, the largest electricity provider in New Mexico, is headquartered in Albuquerque. They serve about 487,000 electricity customers across the state. New Mexico Gas Company provides natural gas services to over 500,000 customers in the state, including the Albuquerque metro area.

Sanitation

The Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority is responsible for delivering drinking water and wastewater treatment. Trash and recycling in the city is managed by the City of Albuquerque Solid Waste Management Department.

South Water Reclamation Factory.

Health Care

Albuquerque is a New Mexico medical center, which houses numerous sophisticated medical centers. Some of the city's top hospitals include VA Medical Center, Presbyterian Hospital, Presbyterian Medical Service, New Mexico Heart Hospital, and Lovelace Women's Hospital. The University of New Mexico Hospital is the primary education hospital for the state's only medical school and provides the country's only residency training program, children's hospital, burn center and pediatric and adult trauma center. The University of New Mexico Hospital is also home to an advanced primary certification stroke center as well as the largest collection of adult and childhood specialties and subspecialty programs in the state.

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Media

The city is served by a major newspaper, the Albuquerque Journal, and some smaller daily and weekly newspapers, including the Weekly Alibi alternative. Albuquerque is also home to many radio and television stations serving rural and remote metropolitan areas.

In popular culture

In movie

Many Bugs Bunny cartoon shorts feature Bugs traveling the world by digging up the ground; he often gets lost while traveling and gives comments, while consulting the map, "I know I should make a left toin in Albukoykee". (The first bug used that line in 1945 Herr Meets Hare .)

Some parts of the 1999 film Pirate of the Silicon Valley were taken in Albuquerque.

Albuquerque has been featured in Hollywood movies such as Little Miss Sunshine (2006), Sunshine Cleaning (2008), and Brothers (2009).

Marvel Studios Movies The Avengers (2012) are mostly (& gt; 75%) filmed in Albuquerque Studios.

A Million Ways to Die in the West (2014), directed by Seth MacFarlane, was filmed in various areas in and around Albuquerque and Santa Fe.

The 2013 film Force of Execution starring Steven Seagal was set and filmed in Albuquerque.

In music

Musicians who have lived in Albuquerque include Jim Morrison, Glen Campbell, Bo Diddley, Demi Lovato, Eric McFadden, Rahim Al-Haj, and Bernadette Seacrest.

Albuquerque-based music groups include A Hawk and A Hacksaw, Beirut, The Echoing Green, The Eyeliners, Hazeldine, Leiahdorus, Fear of Chaka, and The Shins.

Neil Young's song "Albuquerque" can be found on Tonight's the Night album.

On television

Albuquerque is the venue for the television show In Plain Sight and Breaking Bad , with the latter significantly increasing tourism in the area. Better Calling Saul , spin off Breaking Bad , also set and fired in Albuquerque.

Ethel Mertz, a character in the 1950s sitcom I Love Lucy , refers to Albuquerque as his hometown. Vivian Vance, the actress who plays Ethel, is actually from Albuquerque.

"Hungry, Hungry Homer", the 15th episode of the twelfth season of The Simpsons , features Albuquerque as the location where the owner of the Springfield Isotop baseball team wants to move on. The name Albuquerque Isotopes Minor League is actually inspired by the episode.

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Famous people

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Twin Cities

Albuquerque has ten twin cities, as defined by Sister Cities International:

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See also

• Old National Roads

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Note

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References

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Further reading

• Ciotola, Nicholas P. "Italian Immigrant in Albuquerque, 1880-1930: A study in Western peculiarities." Western Journal 43.4 (2004): 41-48.
• Luckingham, Bradford. The southwestern area of ​​urban: profile history of Albuquerque, El Paso, Phoenix, Tucson (Texas Western Press, 1982)
• Simmons, Marc. Albuquerque: narrative history (University of New Mexico Press, 1982)

External links

• Official government website
• 1905 Magazine Articles with historical photos
• Albuquerque, New Mexico in Curlie (based on DMOZ)
• "Albuquerque, New Mexico". City Tour C-SPAN. March 2013.

Source of the article : Wikipedia